Effects of gender and age on the levels and circadian rhythmicity of plasma cortisol.
Effects of gender and age on the levels and circadian rhythmicity of plasma cortisol.
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DOI：
10.1210/jcem.81.7.8675562
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发表时间：
1996-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Cauter;R. Leproult;D. Kupfer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Cauter;R. Leproult;D. Kupfer
来自啮齿动物研究的数据表明，累积的压力暴露可能会加速衰老，并提供了一个理论来解释衰老速度的差异。累积暴露于糖皮质激素导致海马缺陷，导致在应激结束时终止糖皮质激素分泌的能力受损，因此，增加暴露于糖皮质激素，这反过来又进一步降低了下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴从挑战中恢复的能力。然而，从对人类研究的回顾中出现的共识是，基础促皮质功能不受衰老的影响，这表明压力和衰老的负面相互作用不会发生在man. In本研究中，共177个时间配置文件的血浆皮质醇从90名正常男性和87名女性，年龄18-83岁，收集了7个实验室和重新分析。计算每个个体曲线的12个参数，定量平均水平、早晨最大值和夜间最低值的值和时间、昼夜节律振幅以及静止期的开始和结束。在男性和女性中，平均皮质醇水平在20-80岁之间增加了20-50%。绝经前妇女的平均水平略低于同一年龄范围内的男性，主要是因为较低的早晨最大值。无论男女，夜间最低点的水平都随着年龄的增长而逐渐增加。与年龄相关的海拔在上午acrophase发生在女性，但不是在男性。皮质醇分泌的昼夜节律性在老年得以保留，但其相对幅度被抑制，昼夜节律升高的时间提前。我们的结论是，有显着的性别特异性的影响，老化的水平和人类促肾上腺皮质激素活性的昼夜变化，与假设的“磨损”的终身暴露于压力。昼夜节律振幅和相位的改变可能与老年人睡眠障碍的病因有关。
Data from rodent studies indicate that cumulative stress exposure may accelerate senescence and offer a theory to explain differences in the rate of aging. Cumulative exposure to glucocorticoids causes hippocampal defects, resulting in an impairment of the ability to terminate glucocorticoid secretion at the end of stress and, therefore, in increased exposure to glucocorticoids which, in turn, further decreases the ability of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis to recover from a challenge. However, the consensus emerging from reviews of human studies is that basal corticotropic function is unaffected by aging, suggesting that the negative interaction of stress and aging does not occur in man. In the present study, a total of 177 temporal profiles of plasma cortisol from 90 normal men and 87 women, aged 18-83 yr, were collected from 7 laboratories and reanalyzed. Twelve parameters quantifying mean levels, value and timing of morning maximum and nocturnal nadir, circadian rhythm amplitude, and start and end of quiescent period were calculated for each individual profile. In both men and women, mean cortisol levels increased by 20-50% between 20-80 yr of age. Premenopausal women had slightly lower mean levels than men in the same age range, primarily because of lower morning maxima. The level of the nocturnal nadir increased progressively with aging in both sexes. An age-related elevation in the morning acrophase occurred in women, but not in men. The diurnal rhythmicity of cortisol secretion was preserved in old age, but the relative amplitude was dampened, and the timing of the circadian elevation was advanced. We conclude that there are marked gender-specific effects of aging on the levels and diurnal variation of human adrenocorticotropic activity, consistent with the hypothesis of the "wear and tear" of lifelong exposure to stress. The alterations in circadian amplitude and phase could be involved in the etiology of sleep disorders in the elderly.