Does subjective social status predict health and change in health status better than objective status?
Does subjective social status predict health and change in health status better than objective status?
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DOI：
10.1097/01.psy.0000188434.52941.a0
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Adler, NE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Singh-Manoux, A;Marmot, MG;Adler, NE
目的：调查中年人的主观社会经济地位 (SES) 是否比客观社会经济地位 (SES) 更能预测健康状况以及健康状况随时间的变化。方法：数据来自 Whitehall 11 研究，这是一项针对英国公务员的前瞻性研究。 SES数据取自研究的第5阶段（1997-1999），健康数据取自第5和6阶段（2000-2001）。使用简表 36、一般健康问卷和健康自评中的身体和精神成分分数来评估健康状况。使用多元线性回归来检验SES与健康和健康状况变化之间的关系。结果：可获得 5486 人的完整数据。结果表明，这两项社会经济地位衡量指标都是社会经济地位的全球衡量指标。 SES 的两项指标均与健康结果以及健康状况随着时间的推移而下降显着相关。然而，当在模型中同时输入 SES 的客观和主观测量来预测健康状况的变化时，只有后者继续与健康和健康变化显着相关。结论：主观 SES 可以更好地预测中年人的健康状况以及健康状况随时间的推移而下降。这些结果根据三种可能的解释进行了讨论：主观社会经济地位是对社会地位的更精确的衡量，结果为等级健康假设提供了支持，并且结果可能是共同方法方差的产物。
Objective: To examine, among middle-aged individuals, if subjective socioeconomic status (SES) predicts health status and change in health status over time better than objective SES. Methods: Data are from the Whitehall 11 study, a prospective study of British civil servants. SES data are drawn from Phase 5 (1997-1999) of the study and health data from Phases 5 and 6 (2000-2001). Physical and mental component scores from the Short Form 36, the General Health Questionnaire, and self-rated health were used to assess health status. Multiple linear regressions were used to examine the relationship between SES and health and change in health status. Results: Complete data were available on 5486 people. Results show both measures of SES to be global measures of SES. Both measures of SES were significantly associated with health outcomes and with decline in health status over time. However, when both objective and subjective measures of SES are entered simultaneously in the model to predict change in health status, it was only the latter that continues to be significantly associated with health and changes in health. Conclusions: Subjective SES is a better predictor of health status and decline in health status over time in middle-aged adults. These results are discussed in terms of three possible explanations: subjective SES is a more precise measure of social position, the results provide support for the hierarchy-health hypothesis, and the results could be an artifact of common method variance.