Alcohol Use to Facilitate a Suicide Attempt: An Event-Based Examination
Alcohol Use to Facilitate a Suicide Attempt: An Event-Based Examination
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DOI：
10.15288/jsad.2015.76.474
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Murray, Kevin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bagge, Courtney L.;Conner, Kenneth R.;Murray, Kevin
目的：目前的研究是基于这样一种假设，即酒精相关的自杀企图的特点是预谋和意图较低，但只有在酒精的使用不是出于促进自杀企图的愿望的情况下才是如此。对这一想法的测试是通过比较三组人的近端自杀预谋和自杀企图的意图来进行的：(A)饮酒是为了促进自杀企图(例如，为了消除对自杀企图的恐惧)，(B)饮酒是为了非促成动机，以及(C)在自杀企图之前没有饮酒。方法：研究对象包括324名(62%女性)最近在一级创伤医院就诊的自杀未遂者。自杀企图的时间线追踪访谈和一种新的自杀促进饮酒动机量表被用来评估促进饮酒动机和自杀企图的特征。结果：三分之一的参与者在尝试前饮酒，大多数(73%)饮酒的人没有这样做以促进尝试。根据假设，与其他研究组相比，这组人的近端自杀预谋时间更短，自杀意图更低；相比之下，为了促进自杀而饮酒的人在这些指标上与不饮酒的人相似。结论：与酒精有关的自杀企图是不同的。饮酒动机是异质性的一个关键来源，因为尝试的基本特征(最近的预谋、意图)作为饮酒动机的函数而不同。临床意义包括，不能假设有促进饮酒动机的自杀企图的人在血液酒精水平下降后风险较低。
Objective: The current study is based on the hypothesis that alcohol-involved suicide attempts are characterized by lower premeditation and intent, but only when the use of alcohol is not motivated by the desire to facilitate the attempt. Test of this idea was conducted by comparing proximal suicide premeditation and intent of suicide attempts among three groups: individuals who (a) drank to facilitate the attempt (e.g., to "numb fears" about attempting), (b) drank for nonfacilitative motives, and (c) did not use alcohol before the attempt. Method: Participants included 324 (62% female) recent suicide attempters presenting to a Level 1 trauma hospital. The Timeline Followback Interview for Suicide Attempts and a novel Suicide Facilitative Drinking Motives Scale were used to assess facilitative motives for drinking and characteristics of the attempt. Results: One third of participants drank before the attempt, and most (73%) who used alcohol did not do so to facilitate the attempt. As hypothesized, attempts carried out by this group had shorter proximal suicide premeditation and lower suicide intent compared with the other study groups; in contrast, individuals who drank to facilitate the attempt were similar to non alcohol users on these indices. Conclusions: Alcohol-involved suicide attempts are heterogeneous. Motives for drinking are a key source of heterogeneity insofar as fundamental characteristics of attempts (proximal premeditation, intent) differ as a function of drinking motivation. Clinical implications include that individuals making suicide attempts with facilitative motives for drinking cannot be assumed to be at lowered risk upon a drop in blood alcohol level.