Natural nest substrates influence squamate embryo physiology but have little effect on hatchling phenotypes
Natural nest substrates influence squamate embryo physiology but have little effect on hatchling phenotypes
复制标题
天然巢基质影响有鳞动物胚胎生理学，但对孵化表型影响不大
DOI：
10.1111/1749-4877.12553
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
WARNER, Daniel A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HALL, Joshua M.;MIRACLE, Jocelyn;SCRUGGS, Cindy D.;WARNER, Daniel A.
脊椎动物胚胎需要接触水；然而，许多物种在水分含量差异很大的陆地生境中筑巢。卵生非鸟类爬行动物已成为了解湿度等环境因素如何影响发育的模型，因为卵经常在没有父母照顾的情况下暴露在普遍环境中。尽管大量研究表明鸡蛋吸水的重要性，但影响天然巢穴水分可用性的许多生态因素却很少受到关注。例如，对构建巢穴的基质类型进行了充分研究。我们通过实验在 2 个天然存在的巢穴基质中孵化棕色变色蜥蜴 (Anolis sagrei) 的卵，并用不同量的水处理这些基质，以确定天然基质在不同湿度浓度下如何影响发育。一种基质由沙子和碎贝壳组成，另一种基质主要是有机材料（即腐烂的植物材料）。两者都是我们现场常见的筑巢基质。当控制卵的吸水量时，我们发现基质之间的卵存活率和孵化表型相似。然而，胚胎在沙/壳基质中比在有机基质中发育得更快，这表明基质对胚胎生理学有特异性影响。这些结果表明，如果鸡蛋可用的水具有可比性，则不同的天然基质可以导致相似的发育结果。然而，发育的某些方面，如发育速率，受到基质类型的影响，与水的可用性无关。需要进一步的研究来确定天然基质如何影响胚胎生理学而不依赖于水含量。
Vertebrate embryos require access to water; however, many species nest in terrestrial habitats that vary considerably in moisture content. Oviparous, non‐avian reptiles have served as models to understand how environmental factors, like moisture availability, influence development because eggs are often exposed to prevailing environments in the absence of parental care. Though much research demonstrates the importance of water absorption by eggs, many ecological factors that influence moisture availability in natural nests have received little attention. For example, the type of substrate in which nests are constructed is understudied. We experimentally incubated eggs of the brown anole lizard (Anolis sagrei) in 2 naturally occurring nest substrates that were treated with varying amounts of water to determine how natural substrates influence development at different moisture concentrations. One substrate consisted of sand and crushed seashells and the other was mostly organic material (i.e. decayed plant material). Both are common nesting substrates at our field site. When controlling for water uptake by eggs, we found that egg survival and hatchling phenotypes were similar between substrates; however, embryos developed more quickly in the sand/shell substrate than the organic substrate, indicating substrate‐specific effects on embryo physiology. These results demonstrate that different natural substrates can result in similar developmental outcomes if the water available to eggs is comparable; however, some aspects of development, like developmental rate, are affected by the type of substrate, independent of water availability. Further study is required to determine how natural substrates influence embryo physiology independent of water content.