The intergenerational transmission of health in the United States: A latent variables analysis.

The intergenerational transmission of health in the United States: A latent variables analysis.
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DOI:
10.1002/hec.3988
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发表时间:
2020-03
期刊:
影响因子:
2.1
通讯作者:
Wong A
Wong A
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Halliday TJ;Mazumder B;Wong A

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社会科学家早就证明,社会经济地位的许多组成部分,如收入和教育,在几代人之间有着很强的联系。然而,健康状况,可以说是福利的一个更重要的组成部分,在很大程度上被忽视了。我们通过提供明确基于非线性潜在变量模型的代际健康协会(IHA)的首次估计来填补这一空白。我们开发了一个具有分类结果的非线性模型的估计程序,其中潜在指数是一个混合线性模型,并包含可能在横截面单位内不变化的协变量。仅根据年龄和性别进行调整后,我们估计IHA为0.3,表明父母的健康状况约有三分之一遗传给了他们的孩子。一旦我们在模型中添加了额外的中介,我们就会发现教育,特别是儿童教育,是一个重要的传播渠道,因为它将IHA减少了三分之一。最后,我们表明,非线性模型的IHA估计值仅略高于线性模型,而基于等级的流动性估计值是相同的。
Social scientists have long documented that many components of socioeconomic status such as income and education have strong ties across generations. However, health status, arguably a more critical component of welfare, has largely been ignored. We fill this void by providing the first estimates of the Intergenerational Health Association (IHA) that are explicitly based on a nonlinear latent variable model. We develop an estimation procedure for a nonlinear model with categorical outcomes in which the latent index is a mixed linear model and contains covariates that might not vary within cross-sectional units. Adjusting for only age and gender, we estimate an IHA of 0.3 indicating that about one third of a parent’s health status gets transmitted to their children. Once we add additional mediators to the model, we show that education, and particularly children’s education, is an important transmission channel in that it reduces the IHA by one third. Finally, we show that estimates of the IHA from nonlinear models are only moderately higher than those from linear models, whereas rank-based mobility estimates are identical.
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-080511-110944
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