Spin-based quantum computing using electrons on liquid helium
Spin-based quantum computing using electrons on liquid helium
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.74.052338
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Lyon, S. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lyon, S. A.
已经提出了许多物理系统来构建量子计算机，但即使是具有几百个量子比特（qubit）的适度系统也面临着巨大的障碍。几种方法利用电子的自旋作为量子位。在这里，有人认为，漂浮在液氦表面的电子的自旋将成为优秀的量子比特。这些电子可以像半导体异质结构中的电子一样被静电保持和操纵，但是在真空中，氦上的自旋受到的退相干要小得多。特别是，自旋-轨道相互作用被减少，使得用施加到栅极的电压移动量子位对它们的相干性几乎没有影响。剩余的退相干源被认为是，它被发现，氦上的电子自旋的相干时间可以预期超过100秒。它示出了如何获得一个受控的非操作之间的两个量子比特使用磁偶极-偶极相互作用。
Numerous physical systems have been proposed for constructing quantum computers, but formidable obstacles stand in the way of making even modest systems with a few hundred quantum bits (qubits). Several approaches utilize the spin of an electron as the qubit. Here it is suggested that the spin of electrons floating on the surface of liquid helium will make excellent qubits. These electrons can be electrostatically held and manipulated much like electrons in semiconductor heterostructures, but being in a vacuum the spins on helium suffer much less decoherence. In particular, the spin-orbit interaction is reduced so that moving the qubits with voltages applied to gates has little effect on their coherence. Remaining sources of decoherence are considered, and it is found that coherence times for electron spins on helium can be expected to exceed 100 s. It is shown how to obtain a controlled- NOT operation between two qubits using the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction.