Exposure to (1 → 3)-β-D-glucans in swine farms
Exposure to (1 → 3)-β-D-glucans in swine farms
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s10453-011-9220-4
复制
发表时间：
2012-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Szadkowska-Stanczyk, Irena
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cyprowski, Marcin;Buczynska, Alina;Szadkowska-Stanczyk, Irena
本研究的目的是评估正在进行猪集约饲养的建筑物中有机粉尘和 (1 -> 3)-β-D-葡聚糖的暴露情况，并评估饲养技术条件对观察到的生物气溶胶水平的影响。该研究在30个养猪场进行，根据猪群规模和饲养技术条件进行了区分。在 35 个随机选择的建筑物中，通过固定测量收集空气样本，以确定可吸入和可呼吸部分中有机灰尘和 (1 -> 3)-β-D-葡聚糖的浓度。此外，通过技术条件和养殖类型的调查问卷，对每座调查建筑物进行了精确表征。在每个点，测量了微气候参数，即温度、相对湿度、二氧化碳浓度和空气流速。有机粉尘和 (1 -> 3)-β-D-葡聚糖分析水平的特点是浓度范围广泛。对于可吸入部分，分别达到：有机粉尘（0.43-11.8 mg/m(3)）、（1 -> 3）-β-D-葡聚糖（14-3,594 ng/m(3)）。对于可呼吸部分，结果如下：有机粉尘（0.01-4.69 mg/m(3)）、（1 -> 3）-β-D-葡聚糖（1-703 ng/m(3)）。 (1 → 3)-β-D-葡聚糖的浓度与有机粉尘呈正相关（r = 0.68；p < 0.001）。增加有机粉尘和 (1 -> 3)-β-D-葡聚糖浓度的最重要因素是使用切割秸秆形式的垫料。此外，(1 -> 3)-β-D-葡聚糖的水平还受到人工饲草饲喂、机械粪便处理和养殖建筑中缺乏液体粪便容器的影响。鉴于生物制剂对养猪工人健康的危害，应使用无垫料的猪管理系统以及自动加药技术。
The aim of this study was to assess the exposure to organic dust and (1 -> 3)-beta-D-glucans in the buildings where an intensive breeding of swine is going on and evaluation of the impact of the breeding technical conditions on the observed levels of bioaerosols. The study was carried out in 30 swine farms differentiated by the size of the herd and technical conditions of breeding. In 35 randomly selected buildings, air samples were collected by stationary measurements to determine the concentrations of organic dust and (1 -> 3)-beta-D-glucans in inhalable and respirable fractions. Furthermore, each of the investigated buildings was precisely characterized by means of a questionnaire for technical conditions and type of breeding. In each of the points, the microclimate parameters were measured, i.e., temperature, relative humidity, CO2 concentration and air velocity. The analyzed levels of organic dust and (1 -> 3)-beta-D-glucans were characterized by a wide range of concentrations. For inhalable fraction, they reached respectively: organic dust (0.43-11.8 mg/m(3)), (1 -> 3)-beta-D-glucans (14-3,594 ng/m(3)). For respirable fraction, the results were as follows: organic dust (0.01-4.69 mg/m(3)), (1 -> 3)-beta-D-glucans (1-703 ng/m(3)). The concentrations of (1 -> 3)-beta-D-glucans were positively correlated with organic dust (r = 0.68; p < 0.001). The most significant factor increasing the concentrations of organic dust and (1 -> 3)-beta-D-glucans was the use of bedding in the form of cut straw. Additionally, the levels of (1 -> 3)-beta-D-glucans were affected by manual forage feeding, mechanical manure disposal and the lack of the liquid manure container in breeding buildings. In view of the hazardous effects of biological agents on the health of swine-breeding workers, the swine management systems without beddings should be used, along with automated dosing techniques.