Universal Childhood: The Global Trade in Children's Television and Changing Ideals of Childhood
Universal Childhood: The Global Trade in Children's Television and Changing Ideals of Childhood
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普遍童年：儿童电视的全球贸易和不断变化的童年理想
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Havens
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Havens
虽然电视节目覆盖全球的技术能力已经存在了几十年，但事实证明，随之而来的全球电视的文化挑战更加艰巨。然而，少数几种节目类型似乎能够克服这些文化障碍。本文考察了一种这样的类型，儿童电视动画，节目开发和交易的过程，以及这些工业过程鼓励儿童观看乐趣的假设。虽然这些关于童年经历中什么是“普遍”的假设对他们来说有一定的说服力，但它们仍然是意识形态的，因为它们承载着关于种族、性别、年龄、阶级和其他形式的社会群体和身份认同的特定观念，这些观念不仅反映并作用于我们生活的世界。作为当代流行文化最强大的看门人，这些业内人士深度参与了对日益全球化的世界中流行的童年理想的想象，以及不符合这些理想的儿童和文化的类型
While the technical capacity for television programs to reach worldwide has existed for decades, the attendant cultural challenges of global television have proved more formidable. Nevertheless, a handful of program genres seem to be able to overcome these cultural barriers. This paper examines one such genre, children’s television animation, the processes of program development and trade, as well as the assumptions about children’s viewing pleasures that these industrial processes encourage. While these assumptions about what is “universal” in the experience of childhood have a certain plausibility to them, they are nevertheless ideological, in the sense that they carry particular ideas about race, gender, age, class, and other forms of social grouping and identity that not only reflect but also act upon the world we live in. As some of the most powerful gatekeepers of contemporary popular culture, these industry insiders are deeply involved in imagining prevalent ideals of childhood in an increasingly globalized world as well as the kinds of children and cultures that do an do not fit these ideals