Interplay between Microbes and the Circadian Clock.
Interplay between Microbes and the Circadian Clock.
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a028365
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发表时间：
2018-09
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
P. Tognini;M. Murakami;P. Sassone-Corsi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Tognini;M. Murakami;P. Sassone-Corsi
昼夜节律几乎影响着地球上所有的生命形式，这一概念开启了个体生物的昼夜节律周期如何相互作用的问题。在哺乳动物中，潜在危险的环境压力表现为与传染性病原体的接触。微生物攻击是机体稳态的主要风险，因此需要通过宿主免疫系统实施的机制有效地抵消。越来越多的证据表明，免疫系统可能通过增强的炎症状态来预测新出现的致病性暴露。值得注意的是，生物钟协调了这些对外部世界波动条件的预期反应。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了目前关于生物钟与致病性感染之间关系的知识。我们讨论了生物钟对感染和特定病原体的作用，参与防御机制的核心时钟蛋白，以及它们在抵抗感染的特定组织或细胞类型中的作用。最后，肠道微生物组成的昼夜节律振荡及其在防止食源性病原体定植方面的可能作用被提出。
Circadian rhythms influence virtually all life forms on our planet, a notion that opens the question on how the circadian cycles of individual organisms may interplay with each other. In mammals, a potentially dangerous environmental stress is represented by encounters with infectious agents. Microbial attack is a major risk for organismal homeostasis and therefore needs to be efficiently counteracted by mechanisms implemented by the host immune system. Accumulating evidence shows that the immune system may anticipate an emerging pathogenic exposure through an enhanced inflammatory state. Notably, the circadian clock orchestrates these anticipatory responses to fluctuating conditions in the external world. In this article, we review the current knowledge about the relationship between the circadian clock and pathogenic infections. We discuss the role of the circadian clock against infection and specific pathogens, the core clock proteins involved in the defense mechanisms, and the specific tissue or cell type in which they function to counteract the infection. Finally, circadian oscillations in the gut microbiome composition and its possible role in protecting against foodborne pathogen colonization are presented.