THE CURRENT FLOWING THROUGH THE HEART UNDER CONDITIONS OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
THE CURRENT FLOWING THROUGH THE HEART UNDER CONDITIONS OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
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电击条件下流经心脏的电流
DOI：
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发表时间：
1932
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
O. Langworthy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Kouwenhoven;D. Hooker;O. Langworthy
在研究电击对大鼠(1，2，3)的影响时，很明显，损伤主要局限于电流穿过的身体部分。本论文专门研究电击对心脏的影响，因为这个器官被认为在电击中特别容易受到伤害。本实验的目的有两个：确定当身体上不同点与电路接触时，实际流经心脏的总电流的比例值，以及确定建立室颤所需的最小电流。用吗啡和乙醚完全麻醉的狗被用作实验动物，因为狗的心脏很容易因为施加相对微弱的电流而进入永久性的颤动状态，就像人们假设的那样。电流源是一个60周的交流电电路。环型或直通型电流互感器被用来测量流经心部的电流，心部本身形成了变压器的初级绕组。这些变压器的铁芯是环形的，采用了最高质量的磁性材料。它们近似为正方形，横截面面积为0.01平方英寸(0.07平方英尺)。厘米)。每个环用约2000圈的36号棕色和夏普漆包绝缘铜线均匀缠绕，作为变压器的二次绕组。这些戒指的内径各不相同，从Q英寸到3英寸不等，这样它们就可以套在不同大小的心脏上。流经心脏的电流在环绕心脏的变压器二次绕组中感应电动势。该二次绕组的端子通过电位计类型的变阻器连接，该变阻器中所需的压降部分被馈入放大器，该放大器
In studying the effect of electric shock upon rats (1, 2, 3) it became evident that the injury was in the main confined to the portion of the body that was traversed by the current. The, present paper is directed specifically to a study of the effect upon the heart since this organ is believed to be especially liable to injury in electric shock. The purpose of the present experiments was two-fold; to ascertain the proportionate value of the total current which actually flows through the heart when contact at various points on the body is made with the circuit and to determine the minimum current necessary to establish ventricular fibrillation. Dogs, completely anesthetized with morphia and ether, were used as experimental animals because the ventricles of the dog’s heart are readily thrown into a permanent state of fibrillation by the application of relatively weak currents as is assumed to be the case in man. The source of the current was a 60 cycle, alternating current circuit. Ring or through type current transformers were employed to measure the current traversing the heart, the heart itself forming the primary winding of the transformer. The iron cores of these transformers were ring shaped and of the highest quality magnetic material.’ They were approximately square, having a cross-sectional area of 0.01 square inch (0.07 sq. cm.). Each ring was uniformly wound with approximately 2000 turns of no. 36 Brown and Sharp enamel insulated copper wire which served as the secondary winding on the transformer. The rings were of varying inside diameters, ranging from Q inch up to 3# inches, so that they could be slipped over hearts of different sizes. The current flowing through the heart induces an electro-motive force in the secondary winding of the transformer encircling it. The terminals of this secondary winding were connected across a potentiometer type rheostat, and the desired portion of the voltage drop in this rheostat was fed into an amplifier whose