Minorities struggle to advance in academic medicine: A 12-y review of diversity at the highest levels of America's teaching institutions
Minorities struggle to advance in academic medicine: A 12-y review of diversity at the highest levels of America's teaching institutions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jss.2012.06.049
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发表时间：
2013-06-15
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Chang, David C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yu, Peter T.;Parsa, Pouria V.;Chang, David C.
背景：黑人，西班牙裔和妇女在学术医学中的代表性不足。本研究旨在确定最近的趋势，在学术任命的代表性不足的群体在各级学术medicine.Methods：这是一个回顾性的横截面分析的美国医学院校协会的数据，教师在美国。S. 1997年至2008年的医学院。跨种族和性别的分布在不同的学术职级（讲师，助理教授，副教授，正教授）和主席和院长的领导地位计算每年的study.Results：平均超过12年的研究期间，白人占84.76%的教授，88.26%的主席，和91.28%的院长。亚裔教授占6.66%，主席占3.52%，院长占0%。黑人在教授中占1.25%，在主席中占2.69%，在院长中占4.94%。西班牙裔占教授的2.76%，主席的3.37%，院长的2.91%。女性在教授中占14.7%，在主席中占9.2%，在院长中占9.3%。总体而言，在本研究期间，少数民族学术医生的比例净增加，但以目前的速度，黑人医生的比例需要近1000年才能赶上非裔美国人在总人口中的比例。此外，逐年分析表明，在本研究的最后2年，即2007年和2008年，每个少数民族群体的百分比都有所减少。结论：少数民族，包括亚裔美国人和女性在学术医学中的代表性仍然严重不足。在这12年期间，黑人的进步最小。在我们这个领域的最高级别（教授、主席和院长），这种差距最大。我们必须加倍努力，在学术医学领域招募、留住和提升少数民族。(C)2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Background: Blacks, Hispanics, and women are underrepresented in academic medicine. This study sought to identify recent trends in the academic appointments of underrepresented groups at all levels of academic medicine.Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of the Association of American Medical Colleges' data on faculty at U. S. medical schools from 1997 to 2008. The distribution across race and gender at different academic ranks (instructor, assistant professor, associate professor, and full professor) and the leadership positions of chairperson and dean were calculated for each year of the study.Results: Averaged over the 12-y study period, whites accounted for 84.76% of professors, 88.26% of chairpersons, and 91.28% of deans. Asians represented 6.66% of professors, 3.52% of chairpersons, and 0% of deans. Blacks represented 1.25% of professors, 2.69% of chairpersons, and 4.94% of deans. Hispanics represented 2.76% of professors, 3.37% of chairpersons, and 2.91% of deans. Women represented 14.7% of professors, 9.2% of chairpersons, and 9.3% of deans. Overall, there was a net positive increase in the percentage of minority academic physicians in this study period, but at the current rate, it would take nearly 1000 y for the proportion of black physicians to catch up to the percentage of African Americans in the general population. Additionally, year-by-year analysis demonstrates that there was a reduction in the percentage of each minority group for the last 2 y of this study, in 2007 and 2008.Conclusions: Minorities, including Asian Americans, and women remain grossly underrepresented in academic medicine. Blacks have shown the least progress during this 12-y period. The disparity is greatest at the highest levels (professor, chairperson, and dean) of our field. We must redouble our efforts to recruit, retain, and advance minorities in academic medicine. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.