Physical activity and cognitive function in individuals over 60 years of age: a systematic review.
Physical activity and cognitive function in individuals over 60 years of age: a systematic review.
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DOI：
10.2147/cia.s55520
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Cusack BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carvalho A;Rea IM;Parimon T;Cusack BJ
目前尚不清楚晚年的体育锻炼是否有益于认知功能的维持。我们对老年人运动对认知功能的影响进行了系统回顾，并提出了体育活动可能改善认知的可能机制。来源包括PubMed、Medline、CINAHL、Cochrane对照试验注册和华盛顿大学医学院图书馆数据库，检索于2012年8月15日进行的限于2000年1月1日开始的英文出版物。随机对照试验包括至少30名参与者，持续时间至少6个月，所有观察性研究包括至少100名参与者，持续时间至少1年。所有纳入的受试者至少60岁。27项研究符合纳入标准。26项研究报告了身体活动与维持或增强认知功能之间的正相关。五项研究报告了体力活动与认知之间的剂量反应关系。一项研究显示相关性不显著。大量证据表明，体育锻炼对老年人的认知功能有益。然而，大多数证据是中等质量的，偏倚风险中等。需要更大规模的随机对照试验来澄清运动和认知功能之间的关系，并确定哪种类型的运动对特定的认知领域有最大的好处。尽管存在这些警告，但目前的证据表明，体育锻炼可能有助于改善认知功能，从而延缓老年人认知障碍的进展。
It is unclear whether physical activity in later life is beneficial for maintenance of cognitive function. We performed a systematic review examining the effects of exercise on cognitive function in older individuals, and present possible mechanisms whereby physical activity may improve cognition. Sources consisted of PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and the University of Washington, School of Medicine Library Database, with a search conducted on August 15, 2012 for publications limited to the English language starting January 1, 2000. Randomized controlled trials including at least 30 participants and lasting at least 6 months, and all observational studies including a minimum of 100 participants for one year, were evaluated. All subjects included were at least 60 years of age. Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-six studies reported a positive correlation between physical activity and maintenance or enhancement of cognitive function. Five studies reported a dose-response relationship between physical activity and cognition. One study showed a nonsignificant correlation. The preponderance of evidence suggests that physical activity is beneficial for cognitive function in the elderly. However, the majority of the evidence is of medium quality with a moderate risk of bias. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed to clarify the association between exercise and cognitive function and to determine which types of exercise have the greatest benefit on specific cognitive domains. Despite these caveats, the current evidence suggests that physical activity may help to improve cognitive function and, consequently, delay the progression of cognitive impairment in the elderly.