Rape, transactional sex and related factors among migrants in transit through Mexico to the USA
Rape, transactional sex and related factors among migrants in transit through Mexico to the USA
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DOI：
10.1080/13691058.2019.1662088
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发表时间：
2019-10-31
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Gomez-Zaldivar, Mariajose
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Infante, Cesar;Leyva-Flores, Rene;Gomez-Zaldivar, Mariajose
通过墨西哥过境前往美国的移民在移民过程中面临暴力风险，包括性暴力。这项研究试图查明与性暴力可能性有关的社会人口因素、移徙经历和健康状况。2012年至2015年期间进行了一项混合方法研究。定量阶段的工作涉及非随机抽样（n = 3 539）的移民谁是在墨西哥的移民庇护所的用户。使用概率单位回归模型来确定参与者与性暴力经历相关的变量。共对58名移徙者进行了半结构化访谈，这些移徙者要么经历过性暴力，要么熟悉其他移徙者经历的性暴力。在经历过任何形式暴力的人中，5.7%的人报告说经历过性暴力，性别之间存在统计学上的显著差异。据男性移民说，过境妇女的优势是“两腿之间有一张[美国]入境票”。无证过境移徙的动态为基于性别的不平等和性暴力提供了多种机会。我们认为，在有罪不罚的社会背景下，由于暴力的污名化和正常化，性暴力的报告严重不足。
Migrants in transit through Mexico to the USA are at risk of violence, including sexual violence, during the immigration process. This study sought to identify the socio-demographic factors, migration experiences and health conditions associated with the likelihood of sexual violence. A mixed methods study was conducted between 2012 and 2015. The quantitative phase of the work involved a non-random sample (n = 3539) of migrants who were the users of migrant shelters in Mexico. A probit regression model was used to identify the variables associated with the experience of sexual violence by participants. A total of 58 semi-structured interviews took place with migrants who had either experienced sexual violence or who were acquainted with the sexual violence experienced by other migrants. Of those who experienced any kind of violence, 5.7% reported having experienced sexual violence, with statistically significant differences by gender. According to male migrants, women in transit had the advantage of having an 'entry ticket [to the USA] between their legs'. The dynamics of undocumented transit migration provide multiple opportunities for gender-based inequality and sexual violence. We consider the major underreporting of sexual violence due to the stigma and normalisation of violence, in a social context marked by impunity.