Reduced orienting to audiovisual synchrony in infancy predicts autism diagnosis at 3 years of age
Reduced orienting to audiovisual synchrony in infancy predicts autism diagnosis at 3 years of age
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DOI：
10.1111/jcpp.12863
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Bolte, Sven
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Falck-Ytter, Terje;Nystrom, Par;Bolte, Sven
背景资料：有效的多感觉处理在婴儿期发展，被认为是重要的统一和多模态的物体和事件的感知。先前的研究表明自闭症患者的多感觉处理受损，但其在疾病早期发展中的作用尚不确定。在这里，使用前瞻性的纵向设计，我们测试是否减少视觉注意视听同步是一个婴儿标记后出现的自闭症诊断。方法：我们研究了10个月大的自闭症儿童的兄弟姐妹，使用以前用于学龄前儿童研究的眼动追踪任务。这项任务评估了视听同步操作对婴儿观察生物运动的点光显示时观看模式的影响。我们根据3岁时的诊断状态（DSM-5）分析了婴儿期记录的凝视数据。结果：10个月大的婴儿谁后来收到自闭症诊断没有定向到视听同步内表达的生物运动。相比之下，随访时没有自闭症的低风险和高风险兄弟姐妹的婴儿都对这类信息有强烈的偏好。在直立生物运动定向方面没有观察到组间差异。结论：这项研究表明，减少生物运动中的视听同步定向是自闭症的早期迹象。这些发现支持了这样的观点，即多感觉处理不良可能是这种神经发育状况的重要先行标志。
Background: Effective multisensory processing develops in infancy and is thought to be important for the perception of unified and multimodal objects and events. Previous research suggests impaired multisensory processing in autism, but its role in the early development of the disorder is yet uncertain. Here, using a prospective longitudinal design, we tested whether reduced visual attention to audiovisual synchrony is an infant marker of later-emerging autism diagnosis. Methods: We studied 10-month-old siblings of children with autism using an eye tracking task previously used in studies of preschoolers. The task assessed the effect of manipulations of audiovisual synchrony on viewing patterns while the infants were observing point light displays of biological motion. We analyzed the gaze data recorded in infancy according to diagnostic status at 3 years of age (DSM-5). Results: Ten-month-old infants who later received an autism diagnosis did not orient to audiovisual synchrony expressed within biological motion. In contrast, both infants at low-risk and high-risk siblings without autism at follow-up had a strong preference for this type of information. No group differences were observed in terms of orienting to upright biological motion. Conclusions: This study suggests that reduced orienting to audiovisual synchrony within biological motion is an early sign of autism. The findings support the view that poor multisensory processing could be an important antecedent marker of this neurodevelopmental condition.