Determination of spikelet number in wheat. I. Effect of varying photoperiod on ear development
Determination of spikelet number in wheat. I. Effect of varying photoperiod on ear development
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小麦小穗数的测定。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1977
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jhanel Wilson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rahman;Jhanel Wilson
在20°C下，研究了8个小麦品种在恒定光周期（8、9、10、正常和24小时）和在花分化期转换到另一个光周期（24小时到10小时，反之亦然）对发育速率和每穗小穗数的影响。目的是了解哪些因素与光周期控制小穗数有关。营养，小穗和穗伸长阶段的长度，小穗和叶片的数量，植物体的数量和长度的茎尖在花启动增加，但小穗启动率下降，光周期从24小时减少到8小时。响应于不同的光周期为所有这些参数是相似的，但在不同的品种的反应的大小不同。在一个给定的品种，小穗数的增加总是与较长的营养期和小穗期的持续时间和较长的花尖在开花开始。转移处理的结果表明，小穗数并不完全由花的开始时间决定，但可以通过操纵小穗期的环境显着改变。结果表明，小穗分化率和小穗分化持续时间是决定小穗数的主要因素。
The effects of constant photoperiods (8, 9, 10, normal and 24 hr) and of transfer to another photoperiod at floral initiation (from 24 hr to 10 and vice versa) on rate of development and spikelet number per ear were studied in eight wheat cultivars grown at 20°C. The objective was to know what factors related to photoperiod control spikelet number. The lengths of the vegetative, spikelet and ear elongation phases, the numbers of spikelets and leaves, the numbers of phytomers and lengths of the shoot apices at floral initiation increased, but the rate of spikelet initiation decreased, as the photoperiod decreased from 24 to 8 hr. Responses to varying photoperiod for all these parameters were similar in the different cultivars but the sizes of the responses differed. Within a given cultivar, an increase in spikelet number was always associated with longer durations of the vegetative and spikelet phases and longer apices at floral initiation. The results of the transfer treatments suggest that spikelet number is not fully determined by the time of floral initiation, but can be altered significantly by manipulating the environment during the spikelet phase. It was concluded that the main factors determining spikelet number are rate and duration of spikelet initiation.