Effects of step rate manipulation on joint mechanics during running.
Effects of step rate manipulation on joint mechanics during running.
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e3181ebedf4
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发表时间：
2011-02
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Ryan MB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heiderscheit BC;Chumanov ES;Michalski MP;Wille CM;Ryan MB
本研究的目的是表征在跑步过程中步速调整对髋关节、膝关节和踝关节的生物力学影响，从而评估减少下肢负荷和损伤风险的潜在策略。记录了45名健康休闲跑步者在不同步速条件下（首选± 5%和± 10%）以恒定速度跑步时的三维运动学和动力学。我们测试了我们的主要假设，即当步频增加时，在负荷响应期间下肢关节的能量吸收会减少，主要是在膝关节。在+5%和+10%步进率条件下，膝关节（p<0.01）吸收的机械能较少，而髋关节（p<0.01）仅在+10%条件下吸收的能量较少。当优选步速降低10时，所有关节显示出显著（p<0.01）更多的能量吸收。随着步速的增加，步长（p <0.01）、质心垂直偏移（p<0.01）、最大破断冲量（p<0.01）和最大膝关节屈曲角（p<0.01）均减小。当步速增加10%以上时，髋内收角峰值（p<0.01）、髋内收力矩峰值（p<0.01）和内旋力矩峰值（p<0.01）均减小。我们的结论是，轻微增加步频可以大大减少髋关节和膝关节在运行过程中的负荷，并可能证明有益于预防和治疗常见的跑步相关损伤。
The objective of this study was to characterize the biomechanical effects of step rate modification during running on the hip, knee and ankle joints, so as to evaluate a potential strategy to reduce lower extremity loading and risk for injury. Three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics were recorded from 45 healthy recreational runners during treadmill running at constant speed under various step rate conditions (preferred, ± 5% and ± 10%). We tested our primary hypothesis that a reduction in energy absorption by the lower extremity joints during the loading response would occur, primarily at the knee, when step rate was increased. Less mechanical energy was absorbed at the knee (p<0.01) during the +5% and +10% step rate conditions, while the hip (p<0.01) absorbed less energy during the +10% condition only. All joints displayed substantially (p<0.01) more energy absorption when preferred step rate was reduced by 10. Step length (p<0.01), center of mass vertical excursion (p<0.01), breaking impulse (p<0.01) and peak knee flexion angle (p<0.01) were observed to decrease with increasing step rate. When step rate was increased 10% above preferred, peak hip adduction angle (p<0.01), as well as peak hip adduction (p<0.01) and internal rotation (p<0.01) moments, were found to decrease. We conclude that subtle increases in step rate can substantially reduce the loading to the hip and knee joints during running and may prove beneficial in the prevention and treatment of common running-related injuries.