The use of metallic oxide nanoparticles to enhance growth of tomatoes and eggplants in disease infested soil or soilless medium
The use of metallic oxide nanoparticles to enhance growth of tomatoes and eggplants in disease infested soil or soilless medium
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DOI：
10.1039/c6en00146g
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
White, Jason C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elmer, Wade H.;White, Jason C.
纳米颗粒（NP）在农业中具有巨大的潜力。例如，微量营养素在植物中的流动性差，在中性土壤中的可用性差，但它们在根系健康中发挥着关键作用。我们调查了叶面喷施微量营养素NP是否会影响病害土壤中的植物健康。在温室中，NP的AlO，CuO，FeO，MnO，NiO和ZnO喷洒在番茄上，并生长在无土培养基中感染枯萎病真菌。与未经处理的对照组相比，CuO、MnO或ZnO的NP分别使疾病估计值[疾病进展曲线下面积（AUDPC）]降低了31%、28%或28%。当NP的CuO，MnO，或ZnO，它们的膨胀当量，或它们的硫酸盐相比，未经处理的茄子，并保持在温室中的无土培养基中感染的黄萎病真菌，NP的CuO鲜重增加64%，AUDPC值减少69%，并有32%以上的铜在根。将这些相同的改良剂喷洒在番茄和茄子移植物的叶子上，并置于严重受黄萎病真菌侵染的土壤中的田间小区中。与未处理的对照相比，番茄的产量分别增加了33%或31%与纳米氧化铜或散装MnO，分别。与对照相比，CuO或硫酸锌的NP分别增加茄子产量34%或41%。在离体条件下研究发现，CuO的NP对枯萎病菌没有抑制作用，表明寄主的防御机制受到了操纵。
Nanoparticles (NP) have great potential in agriculture. For example, micronutrients have poor mobility in plants and poor availability in neutral soils, yet they play pivotal roles in root health. We investigated whether foliar sprays of micronutrient NP could affect plant health in disease infested soils. In the greenhouse, NP of AlO, CuO, FeO, MnO, NiO, and ZnO were sprayed on tomatoes and grown in soilless medium infested with the Fusarium wilt fungus. NP of CuO, MnO, or ZnO reduced disease estimates [area-under-the-disease-progress-curve (AUDPC)] by 31%, 28%, or 28%, respectively, when compared to untreated controls. When NP of CuO, MnO, or ZnO, their bulked equivalents, or their sulfate salts were compared to untreated eggplants and held in the greenhouse in soilless medium infested with the Verticillium wilt fungus, NP of CuO increased fresh weights by 64%, reduced AUDPC values by 69%, and had 32% more Cu in the roots. These same amendments were sprayed onto the foliage of tomato and eggplant transplants and set in field plots in soil heavily infested with the Verticillium wilt fungus. Compared to untreated controls, yields of tomato were 33% or 31% greater with NP of CuO or the bulked MnO, respectively. NP of CuO or ZnSO4 increased eggplant yields by 34% or 41% when compared to controls, respectively. In vitro studies found NP of CuO were not inhibitory to the Fusarium wilt fungus, suggesting host defense was being manipulated.