Toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles in immune cells of the sea urchin
Toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles in immune cells of the sea urchin
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DOI：
10.1016/j.marenvres.2011.10.003
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Matranga, V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Falugi, C.;Aluigi, M. G.;Matranga, V.
以海胆为动物模型，研究了二氧化锡(SnO2)、二氧化铈(CeO2)和氧化铁(Fe3O4)纳米粒子(NPs)在海洋环境中的潜在毒性。我们发现，在强行喂食水溶液中的NPs 5天后，根据所考虑的生物标志物的不同，这三种NPs呈现不同程度的毒性。我们检查了：1)体腔液中NPs的存在和对免疫细胞(体腔细胞)的摄取；2)胆碱酯酶活性和应激相关蛋白HSC70和GRP78的表达；3)影响细胞间隔的形态变化，如内质网(ER)和溶酶体。通过环境扫描电子显微镜(ESEM)分析，结合能量色散X射线能谱(EDS)，我们发现NPs被摄取在体腔细胞内。脊椎动物血液中毒的一个众所周知的标志--胆碱酯酶活性在暴露于NPs的标本中大大降低。我们发现应激蛋白水平下调，与观察到的内质网和溶酶体形态变化相匹配。总之，这是首次利用海胆作为生物监测NPs生物影响的模式生物的研究，并支持所选生物标志物的有效性。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
The potential toxicity of stannum dioxide (SnO2), cerium dioxide (CeO2) and iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) in the marine environment was investigated using the sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus, as an in vivo model. We found that 5 days after force-feeding of NPs in aqueous solutions, the three NPs presented different toxicity degrees, depending on the considered biomarkers. We examined: 1) the presence of the NPs in the coelomic fluid and the uptake into the immune cells (coelomocytes); 2) the cholinesterase activity and the expression of the stress-related proteins HSC70 and GRP78; 3) the morphological changes affecting cellular compartments, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomes. By Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM) analysis, coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) we found that NPs were uptaken inside coelomocytes. The cholinesterases activity, a well known marker of blood intoxication in vertebrates, was greatly reduced in specimens exposed to NPs. We found that levels of stress proteins were down-regulated, matching the observed ER and lysosomes morphological alterations. In conclusion, this is the first study which utilizes the sea urchin as a model organism for biomonitoring the biological impact of NPs and supports the efficacy of the selected biomarkers. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.