Detection of Emerging Zoonotic Pathogens: An Integrated One Health Approach
Detection of Emerging Zoonotic Pathogens: An Integrated One Health Approach
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-animal-030117-014628
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Mazet, Jonna A. K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bird, Brian H.;Mazet, Jonna A. K.
新型人畜共患病病原体的出现是全球卫生安全面临的最大挑战之一。日益复杂的诊断工具的出现彻底改变了我们比以往任何时候都更快地检测和应对这些健康威胁的能力。然而，无论这些工具变得多么复杂，对新出现的传染病的初步识别都始于地方社区一级。正是在这里，最初的人类或动物病例存在，也正是在这里，早期病原体检测将具有最大的益处。不幸的是，许多人畜共患病出现风险最高的地区缺乏足够的基础设施能力来支持强大的实验室诊断系统。病原体检测网络需要多种因素，包括了解影响疾病传播风险的复杂社会学和生态学因素、社区参与、沿沿着高风险人畜界面进行监测以及熟练的实验室工作人员。在这里，我们讨论了相关因素的新出现的疾病模式，最近的技术进步，诊断方法，和战略的全面和可持续的方法，以快速检测人畜共患病。
The emergence of novel zoonotic pathogens is one of the greatest challenges to global health security. The advent of increasingly sophisticated diagnostics tools has revolutionized our capacity to detect and respond to these health threats more rapidly than ever before. Yet, no matter how sophisticated these tools become, the initial identification of emerging infectious diseases begins at the local community level. It is here that the initial human or animal case resides, and it is here that early pathogen detection would have maximum benefit. Unfortunately, many areas at highest risk of zoonotic disease emergence lack sufficient infrastructure capacity to support robust laboratory diagnostic systems. Multiple factors are essential for pathogen detection networks, including an understanding of the complex sociological and ecological factors influencing disease transmission risk, community engagement, surveillance along high-risk human-animal interfaces, and a skilled laboratory workforce. Here we discuss factors relevant to the emerging disease paradigm, recent technical advances in diagnostic methods, and strategies for comprehensive and sustainable approaches to rapid zoonotic disease detection.