A decade of global volcanic SO(2) emissions measured from space.
A decade of global volcanic SO(2) emissions measured from space.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/srep44095
复制
发表时间：
2017-03-09
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Krotkov NA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carn SA;Fioletov VE;McLinden CA;Li C;Krotkov NA
被动火山脱气排放的二氧化硫（SO2）的全球通量是限制其他火山气体（包括二氧化碳，CO2）和有毒微量金属（例如，汞）。它也是大气化学和气候模型的必要投入，因为它影响对流层硫酸盐气溶胶的负担，这是一种主要的气候强迫物种。尽管它的意义，清单被动火山脱气是非常困难的生产，主要是由于不完整的空间和时间覆盖面的地面SO2测量。我们在这里报告的第一个火山SO2排放清单来自全球同步卫星测量，由美国宇航局的Aura卫星上的臭氧监测仪器（OMI）在2005-2015年进行。OMI测量允许估计来自90多个火山的二氧化硫排放量，包括对来自印度尼西亚、巴布亚新几内亚、阿留申群岛、千岛群岛和堪察加的通量的新限制。平均而言，在过去十年中，从空间持续探测到的火山SO2源在被动脱气期间总共排放了约63 kt/天的SO2，或约23 ± 2 Tg/年。我们发现，约30%的来源显示出显着的二氧化硫排放量的十年趋势，在一些地区，包括瓦努阿图，日本南部，秘鲁和智利的多个火山观察到积极的趋势。
The global flux of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emitted by passive volcanic degassing is a key parameter that constrains the fluxes of other volcanic gases (including carbon dioxide, CO2) and toxic trace metals (e.g., mercury). It is also a required input for atmospheric chemistry and climate models, since it impacts the tropospheric burden of sulfate aerosol, a major climate-forcing species. Despite its significance, an inventory of passive volcanic degassing is very difficult to produce, due largely to the patchy spatial and temporal coverage of ground-based SO2 measurements. We report here the first volcanic SO2 emissions inventory derived from global, coincident satellite measurements, made by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA’s Aura satellite in 2005–2015. The OMI measurements permit estimation of SO2 emissions from over 90 volcanoes, including new constraints on fluxes from Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, the Aleutian Islands, the Kuril Islands and Kamchatka. On average over the past decade, the volcanic SO2 sources consistently detected from space have discharged a total of ~63 kt/day SO2 during passive degassing, or ~23 ± 2 Tg/yr. We find that ~30% of the sources show significant decadal trends in SO2 emissions, with positive trends observed at multiple volcanoes in some regions including Vanuatu, southern Japan, Peru and Chile.