ACUTE TOXICITY OF 54 INDUSTRIAL-CHEMICALS TO SHEEPSHEAD MINNOWS (CYPRINODON-VARIEGATUS)
ACUTE TOXICITY OF 54 INDUSTRIAL-CHEMICALS TO SHEEPSHEAD MINNOWS (CYPRINODON-VARIEGATUS)
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01611069
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发表时间：
1981-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
PARRISH, PR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HEITMULLER, PT;HOLLISTER, TA;PARRISH, PR
对羊头小鱼进行了毒性测试，以建立一个数据库，以建立水质标准，并帮助确定进一步研究工作的优先事项。化学品通常是工业中使用的相对大量的对环境构成潜在或可疑危害的化学品，如氯代苯、酚和邻苯二甲酸盐。这54种化学物质的急性毒性差异很大。毒性最大的化学基团是氯代酚和氯代苯，其96hLC_(50)‘S(标称浓度)分别为1.7ppm~5.4ppm和0.8ppm~21ppm。被测试的毒性最大的化学物质似乎是1，2，4，5-四氯苯，96小时的半数致死浓度为0.8ppm(95%可信限为0.7-1.1ppm)。五氯苯的96小时半数致死量相同(0.8ppm；95%可信限0.4-1.8ppm)，但其在暴露早期的影响没有1，2，4，5-四氯苯那么严重。大多数化学品的96小时半数致死量S在10-500ppm的范围内，被认为是轻微毒性到几乎无毒。其中10种化学物质在测试的最高浓度下没有明显效果。(JMT)
Toxicity tests were conducted with sheepshead minnows to develop a data base from which water quality criteria could be established and to help determine priorites for further reseach efforts. Chemicals were generally those used by industry in relatively large quantities that pose potential or suspected environmental hazards, such as, chlorinated benzenes, phenols, and phthalates. The acute toxicity of the 54 chemicals varied widely. The most toxic chemical groups were the chlorinated phenols and the chlorinated benzenes with 96-h LC50's (based on nominal concentrations) ranging from 1.7-5.4 ppm and 0.8-21 ppm, respectively. The most toxic chemical tested appeared to be 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene with a 96-h LC50 of 0.8 ppm (95% confidence limits of 0.7-1.1 ppm). The 96-h LC50 for pentachlorobenzene was the same (0.8 ppm; 95% confidence limits of 0.4-1.8 ppm), but its effect early in the exposure was not as severe as the effect of 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene. The majority of the chemicals had 96-h LC50's in the range of 10-500 ppm and were considered to be slightly toxic to practically nontoxic. Ten of the chemicals had no apparent effect at highest concentrations tested. (JMT)