Ecological Communities: Plant-mediated interactions in herbivorous insects: mechanisms, symmetry, and challenging the paradigms of competition past
Ecological Communities: Plant-mediated interactions in herbivorous insects: mechanisms, symmetry, and challenging the paradigms of competition past
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生态群落：草食性昆虫中植物介导的相互作用：机制、对称性和挑战过去的竞争范式
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发表时间：
2007
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通讯作者：
I. Kaplan
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作者：
R. Denno;I. Kaplan
引言食草昆虫之间的种间相互作用可以是消极的（竞争性的）或积极的（促进性的）（Damman 1993，Denno等人1995）。然而，在传统社区生态学的背景下，负面的相互作用受到了最多的关注（例如，Lawton和Strong 1981，Schoener 1982，Strong等1984，Denno等1995），直到最近（例如，Lill和Marquis 2003，中村等人2003）。尽管如此，种间竞争作为构建食草昆虫群落的一个因素的重要性至少可以说经历了一段有争议的历史（Strong et al. 1984，Damman 1993，Denno et al. 1995）。在20世纪60年代和70年代，竞争被认为是构建植食性昆虫群落的核心组织力量（Denno et al. 1995）。在这几十年中，对种间竞争的实地调查主要是对资源分配的观察研究，作为竞争减少和共存的证据（例如，麦克卢尔和普莱斯（1976），Rathcke（1976），Waloff（1979）。值得注意的是，记录食草昆虫种间竞争发生的实验性田间研究很少（但见麦克卢尔和普莱斯，1975年）。在20世纪80年代，竞争在构建植食性昆虫群落中的作用受到了严重的挑战，在几年内，它从一个突出的地位下降到一个微弱和罕见的过程（Lawton和Strong 1981，Lawton 1982，Lawton和Hassell 1984，Strong等1984）。
Introduction Interspecific interactions between insect herbivores can be either negative (competitive) or positive (facilitative) (Damman 1993, Denno et al. 1995). In the context of traditional community ecology, however, negative interactions have received the most attention (e.g., Lawton and Strong 1981, Schoener 1982, Strong et al. 1984, Denno et al. 1995) until quite recently (e.g., Lill and Marquis 2003, Nakamura et al. 2003). Nonetheless, the importance of interspecific competition as a factor structuring communities of insect herbivores has experienced a controversial history to say the least (Strong et al. 1984, Damman 1993, Denno et al. 1995). During the 1960s and 1970s, competition was revered as a central organizing force structuring communities of phytophagous insects (Denno et al. 1995). During these decades, field investigations into interspecific competition were heavily dominated by observational studies of resource partitioning as evidence for reduced competition and thus coexistence (e.g., McClure and Price 1976, Rathcke 1976, Waloff 1979). Notably, experimental field studies documenting the occurrence of interspecific competition between insect herbivores were scarce (but see McClure and Price 1975). In the 1980s, the role of competition in structuring phytophagous insect communities was challenged severely, and within a few years it fell from a position of prominence to the status of a weak and infrequent process (Lawton and Strong 1981, Lawton 1982, Lawton and Hassell 1984, Strong et al. 1984).