Human population in the biodiversity hotspots
Human population in the biodiversity hotspots
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DOI：
10.1038/35010105
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发表时间：
2000-04-27
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Engelman, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cincotta, RP;Wisnewski, J;Engelman, R
生物学家已经确定了 25 个地区，称为生物多样性热点地区，这些地区特有物种特别丰富，而且特别受到人类活动的威胁。然而，这些地区的人口动态尚未得到很好的量化。在这里，我们报告了每个热点地区以及三个受威胁较小的广阔热带森林地区(1) 的关键人口变量的估计值。我们估计，1995 年有超过 11 亿人，即世界人口的近 20%，生活在热点地区，该地区约占地球陆地表面的 12%。我们估计热点地区(1995-2000年)的人口增长率为1.8%yr(-1)，大大高于整个世界的人口增长率(1.3%yr(-1))，也高于发展中国家的人口增长率(1.6%yr(-1))。这些结果表明，人类引起的重大环境变化可能会在热点地区持续存在，人口变化仍然是全球生物多样性保护的一个重要因素。研究结果还强调了全球范围内人类生育率持续下降以及影响人类移民的政策和计划的潜在保护意义。
Biologists have identified 25 areas, called biodiversity hotspots, that are especially rich in endemic species and particularly threatened by human activities. The human population dynamics of these areas, however, are not well quantified. Here we report estimates of key demographic variables for each hotspot, and for three extensive tropical forest areas(1) that are less immediately threatened. We estimate that in 1995 more than 1.1 billion people, nearly 20% of world population, were living within the hotspots, an area covering about 12% of Earth's terrestrial surface. We estimate that the population growth rate in the hotspots (1995-2000) is 1.8% yr(-1), substantially higher than the population growth rate of the world as a whole (1.3% yr(-1)) and above that of the developing countries (1.6% yr(-1)). These results suggest that substantial human-induced environmental changes are likely to continue in the hotspots and that demographic change remains an important factor in global biodiversity conservation. The results also underline the potential conservation significance of the continuing worldwide declines in human fertility and of policies and programs that influence human migration.