Submerged swimming and resting metabolic rates in Southern sea lions
Submerged swimming and resting metabolic rates in Southern sea lions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jembe.2012.07.001
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发表时间：
2012-11-30
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Davis, R. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dassis, M.;Rodriguez, D. H.;Davis, R. W.
我们测量了19个野生和3个圈养的，训练的南方海狮（Otaria flavescens，Shaw 1800）在三种行为状态下的代谢率：在空气中休息（（V）超过点（O2）（休息空气）），在水中休息（（V）超过点（O2）（休息水））和淹没游泳（（（V）超过点（O2亚游泳））使用开放流呼吸法。然后，我们使用这些值来估计总运输成本（COT）和成本每次中风（CPS）在水下游泳。野生动物被放置在一个代谢室中，圈养的动物被训练在安装在游泳池末端的有机玻璃圆顶下呼吸。使用一般线性模型确定每种类型的反应变量（（V）超过点（O2）、CPS、COT、游泳速度和中风率）的发生率是否与几个解释变量（性别、年龄、动物身份、行为状态、游泳距离和体重）相关。总体平均值（V）相对于点（O2）（静止空气）为6.8 +/- 1.1 ml O-2 min（-1）kg（-1）（n=20只动物; 7只亚成年雄性，10只亚成年雌性，3只成年雌性），这是相似大小的陆生哺乳动物预测基础代谢率（BMR）的2.1倍，体重和性别均无显著影响。仅考虑成年动物时（6.3 +/- 0.3 ml O-2 min（-1）kg（-1）; n=3只雌性动物），点（O2）（静止空气）上的平均值（V）与总体值相似。根据对两只成年雌性动物的重复测量估计的点（O2）（休息水）（9.0 +/- 0.8 ml O-2 min（-1）kg（-1））和点（O2）（亚游泳）（21.2 +/- 7.4 ml O-2 min（-1）kg（-1））的平均值（V）分别是预测BMR的2.9倍和6.8倍。当只比较成年人时，（V）超过点（O2）（休息水）和（V）超过点（O2）（亚游泳）都显著大于（分别为1.4和3.4倍）平均值（V）超过点（O2休息空气）。平均COT为0.14 +/- 0.1 ml O-2 kg（-1）m（-1）（2.6 +/- 1.0）kg（-1）m（-1）），平均CPS为0.38 +/- 0.3 ml O-2（-1）kg（-1）stroke（-1）;这些值在动物之间均无显著差异。(C)2012 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
We measured the metabolic rate of nineteen wild and three captive, trained Southern sea lions (Otaria flavescens, Shaw 1800) during three behavioral states: resting in air ((V) over dot(O2) (rest air)), resting in water ((V) over dot(O2) (rest water)) and submerged swimming ((V) over dot(O2 sub swim)) using open flow respirometry. We then used these values to estimate total cost of transport (COT) and cost per stroke (CPS) during submerged swimming. Wild animals were placed in a metabolic chamber and captive animals were trained to breathe under a plexiglass dome mounted at the end of a pool. General linear modeling was used to determine whether the incidence of each type of response variable ((V) over dot(O2), CPS, COT, swim speed and stroke rate) could be associated with several explanatory variables (sex, age, animal identity, behavioral state, swimming distance and body mass). The overall mean (V) over dot(O2) (rest air) was 6.8 +/- 1.1 ml O-2 min(-1) kg(-1) (n=20 animals; 7 subadult males, 10 sub-adults females, 3 adults females), which was 2.1 times greater than the predicted basal metabolic rate (BMR) for terrestrial mammals of similar size, and neither body mass nor sex had a significant effect. The mean (V) over dot(O2) (rest air) when only adults were considered (6.3 +/- 0.3 ml O-2 min(-1) kg(-1); n=3 females) was similar to the overall value. The mean (V) over dot(O2) (rest water) (9.0 +/- 0.8 ml O-2 min(-1) kg(-1)) and the mean (V) over dot(O2) (sub swim) (21.2 +/- 7.4 ml O-2 min(-1) kg(-1)) estimated from repeated measurements in two adult females were 2.9 and 6.8 times greater than the predicted BMR, respectively. Both (V) over dot(O2) (rest water) and (V) over dot(O2) (sub swim) were significantly greater (1.4 and 3.4 times respectively) than the mean (V) over dot(O2 rest air) estimated in this study, when only adults were compared. The mean COT was 0.14 +/- 0.1 ml O-2 kg(-1) m(-1) (2.6 +/- 1.0) kg(-1) m(-1)), and the mean CPS was 0.38 +/- 0.3 ml O-2(-1) kg(-1) stroke(-1); none of these values were significantly different among animals. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.