Physicochemical characterization of the human nail: solvent effects on the permeation of homologous alcohols *
Physicochemical characterization of the human nail: solvent effects on the permeation of homologous alcohols *
复制标题
人指甲的物理化学特征：溶剂对同源醇渗透的影响*
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Marvel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. A. Walters;G. Flynn;J. Marvel
为了评估载体对人体指甲渗透的影响，采用体外扩散池方法研究了同系醇(甲醇至正庚醇)作为纯液体通过指甲板的扩散，并与相同化合物在水介质中的渗透数据进行了比较。并考察了二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和异丙醇对甲醇和正己醇渗透速率的影响。除甲醇外，当醇未被稀释时，渗透系数比在水中应用时均匀地小约五分之一。在这些不同的应用情况下，渗透性曲线的总体平行度表明，醇本身的外部浓度是它们通过甲板基质的渗透速度的决定因素。轮廓的均匀分离表明指甲基质中的水起到了促进作用。指甲的氯仿/甲醇脱脂导致水、甲醇、乙醇和丁醇的渗透率增加。另一方面，它使正庚醇的渗透率降低了六倍。甲醇和正己醇在DMSO中的应用对它们的渗透速率有一定的抑制作用。异丙醇也减缓了己醇的渗透速度，但对甲醇的渗透速度影响不大。因此，倾向于促进皮肤角质层扩散的溶剂似乎不太可能作为指甲板渗透性的促进剂。
To assess how vehicles might influence permeation through human nail, the diffusion of homologous alcohols (methanol to decanol) administered as neat liquids through finger nail plate has been studied using in‐vitro diffusion cell methods and compared with permeation data for the same compounds in aqueous media. Permeation rates of the homologous alcohols through lipid depleted nail plate have also been assessed and the influences of dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and isopropyl alcohol on permeation rates of methanol and hexanol have been examined. With the exception of methanol, permeability coefficients are uniformly about five‐fold smaller when the alcohols are undiluted than when they are applied in water. Overall parallelism in the permeability profiles under these separate circumstances of application is an indication that the external concentrations of the alcohols themselves are a determinant of their permeation velocities through the nail plate matrix. The even separation of the profiles suggests a facilitating role of water within the nail matrix. Chloroform/methanol delipidization of the nail led to increased penetration rates of water, methanol, ethanol and butanol. On the other hand, it caused a six‐fold decrease in the permeation rate of decanol. Application of methanol and hexanol in DMSO somewhat retards their rates of permeation. Isopropyl alcohol also slows the permeation rate of hexanol but has little influence on that of methanol. Thus it appears that solvents which tend to promote diffusion through the skin horny layer have little promise as accelerants of nail plate permeability.