Postnatal Neurogenesis: From Neuroblast Migration to Neuronal Integration
Postnatal Neurogenesis: From Neuroblast Migration to Neuronal Integration
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DOI：
10.1515/revneuro.2009.20.5-6.331
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Lledo, Pierre-Marie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belvindrah, Richard;Lazarini, Francoise;Lledo, Pierre-Marie
正在进行的神经发生维持成年哺乳动物脑的几个区域中的神经元替代。这些区域之一，脑室下区，产生嗅球中间神经元前体，必须通过吻侧迁移流迁移到嗅球电路。在那里，它们迅速启动树突生长，并与二尖瓣/簇状细胞和潜在的其他局部中间神经元建立树突-树突接触。在过去的几年里，已经广泛研究了发育过程中神经母细胞成熟的顺序步骤。然而，控制成年前脑新生神经元的募集和突触整合的第一步的机制和调节因素只是最近才开始阐明，本文综述了我们目前对祖细胞命运选择决定的理解，新生神经元如何正确迁移到特定回路，它们如何整合到嗅球微回路，以及它们生存下来后必须完成的功能。这些机制的阐明可能是至关重要的，以了解成人神经发生的功能作用，并最终制定治疗策略，旨在重新路由神经母细胞改变电路。
Ongoing neurogenesis maintains neuronal replacement in a few regions of the mammalian adult brain. One of these regions, the subventricular zone, generates olfactory bulb interneuron precursors that must migrate through the rostral migratory stream to reach the olfactory bulb circuit. There, they rapidly initiate dendritic growth and establish dendro-dendritic contacts with mitral/tufted cells and potentially other local interneurons. The sequential steps involved in neuroblast maturation during development have been studied extensively over previous years. However, the mechanisms and regulatory factors controlling the recruitment and first steps of synaptic integration of newly-formed neurons in the adult forebrain have only recently started to be elucidated.This review provides an integrated view of our current understanding of fate-choice decision in progenitors, how newborn neurons correctly migrate to specific circuits, how they integrate in olfactory bulb microcircuits, and the function they have to fulfill once they survive. The elucidation of these mechanisms may be crucial to understand the functional role of adult neurogenesis and eventually develop therapeutic strategies aimed at re-routing neuroblasts to altered circuits.