Assessing the Risk of Fraud at Olympus and Identifying an Effective Audit Plan
Assessing the Risk of Fraud at Olympus and Identifying an Effective Audit Plan
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评估奥林巴斯的欺诈风险并确定有效的审计计划
DOI：
10.11640/tjar.4.2014.01
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Srivastava
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hironori Fukukawa;Theodore J. Mock;and Rajendra;P. Srivastava
本文介绍了一种财务报表舞弊风险评估和审计程序规划的方法，并通过模拟奥林巴斯1999年审计案例说明了该方法的应用。该方法采用了严格的风险评估方法，以及在奥林巴斯发生重大财务报表欺诈事件期间未实施的欺诈风险评估现行标准和惯例。本文描述的方法说明了一种“假设”分析，表明使用更新的标准、实践和研究来检测财务报表欺诈可能有效。在基于信念函数理论的拟议方法中，审计师遵循三个步骤：（1）整体财务报表层面的欺诈风险评估，（2）账户层面的欺诈风险评估，以及（3）评估用于实施欺诈的账户、交易和证据方案。在证据网络中，正式的审计师的信念评估，在每个审计步骤中获得的证据聚集使用Dempster的规则。对相信欺诈或欺诈可能性的高度综合评估超过了审计事务所设定的阈值，这要求审计师进行进一步调查，提高专业怀疑的水平，并在适当的情况下，采用法医审计方法。对奥林巴斯1999年审计的分析结果表明，现行标准的应用与我们的方法相结合，可能既表明了高度的可信度，也表明了欺诈行为的存在，并可能指导审计团队采取有效的司法审计程序。
This paper introduces an approach to the assessment of financial statement fraud risk and audit program planning and illustrates its application by simulating its use in the 1999 audit of Olympus. The approach incorporates a rigorous approach to assessing risk and current standards and conventions to fraud risk assessment not in practice during the period when a substantial financial statement fraud occurred at Olympus. The approach described in this paper illustrates a ‘what-if’analysis that suggests the possible effectiveness of using updated standards, practice and research on detecting financial statement fraud.In the proposed approach, which is based on the Theory of Belief Functions, auditors follow three steps:(1) fraud risk assessment at the overall financial statement level,(2) fraud risk assessment at an account level, and (3) assessment of account, transaction and evidence schemes used to perpetrate fraud. In the evidential network, formal auditor belief assessments concerning evidence obtained in each audit step are aggregated by using Dempster’s rule. High aggregated assessments of belief-in-fraud or plausibility-of-fraud which exceed the thresholds established by the audit firm requires the auditors to engage in further investigation, to heighten the level of professional skepticism, and, where appropriate, to adopt a forensic audit approach. The results of analyzing the 1999 audit of Olympus demonstrate that the applications of current standards applied jointly with our approach would have likely both indicated a high plausibility and belief that fraud existed and would have likely directed the audit team to effective forensic audit procedures.