Five repair pathways in one context: chromatin modification during DNA repair
Five repair pathways in one context: chromatin modification during DNA repair
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DOI：
10.1139/o06-075
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Krebs, Jocelyn E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ataian, Yeganeh;Krebs, Jocelyn E.
真核细胞每天要面对1万多种不同的DNA损伤。不能修复这些病变会导致突变、基因组不稳定或细胞死亡。因此，细胞有5种主要的修复途径，可以检测和修复不同类型的DNA损伤：同源重组、非同源末端连接、核苷酸切除修复、碱基切除修复和错配修复。然而，基因组DNA通过组蛋白和非组蛋白包装到染色质中，这是一种高度浓缩的结构，阻碍了DNA的可及性及其随后的修复，这使得DNA损伤的有效修复变得复杂。因此，细胞修复机制必须绕过这一天然屏障，以便及时进入受损部位。染色质DNA损伤的修复是在atp依赖性染色质重塑酶和组蛋白修饰酶的帮助下进行的，这些酶允许必要的修复因子进入病变。在这里，我们回顾了最近的研究，阐明了染色质修饰剂/重塑剂与主要DNA修复途径之间的相互作用。
The eukaryotic cell is faced with more than 10 000 various kinds of DNA lesions per day. Failure to repair such lesions can lead to mutations, genomic instability, or cell death. Therefore, cells have developed 5 major repair pathways in which different kinds of DNA damage can be detected and repaired: homologous recombination, nonhomologous end joining, nucleotide excision repair, base excision repair, and mismatch repair. However, the efficient repair of DNA damage is complicated by the fact that the genomic DNA is packaged through histone and nonhistone proteins into chromatin, a highly condensed structure that hinders DNA accessibility and its subsequent repair. Therefore, the cellular repair machinery has to circumvent this natural barrier to gain access to the damaged site in a timely manner. Repair of DNA lesions in the context of chromatin occurs with the assistance of ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling enzymes and histone-modifying enzymes, which allow access of the necessary repair factors to the lesion. Here we review recent studies that elucidate the interplay between chromatin modifiers / remodelers and the major DNA repair pathways.