Emerging molecular classifications and therapeutic implications for gastric cancer.
Emerging molecular classifications and therapeutic implications for gastric cancer.
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胃癌的新兴分子分类和治疗意义。
DOI：
10.1186/s40880-016-0111-5
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发表时间：
2016-05-27
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhou PH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen T;Xu XY;Zhou PH
胃癌是一种高度侵袭性和危及生命的恶性肿瘤。即使采用根治性手术切除和一线化疗，超过一半的GC局部复发并转移到远处。令人沮丧的结果反映了一种一刀切的方法对具有不同病因和复杂分子基础的高度异质性疾病的无效性。近年来，基因组和分子水平的研究使我们对胃癌的认识不断加深。基于遗传、表观遗传和分子特征的新兴分子分类方案为以更个性化和精确的方式开发更有效的治疗策略提供了巨大的希望。为此，癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）研究网络对原发性GC进行了全面的分子评估，并提出了一种新的分子分类，将GC分为四种亚型：EB病毒相关肿瘤，微卫星不稳定肿瘤，基因组稳定肿瘤和染色体不稳定肿瘤。本文主要综述GC的TCGA分子分类及其对新型靶向治疗策略的启示。我们相信，这些基本的发现将支持靶向治疗的未来应用，并将指导我们努力开发更有效的药物来治疗人类GC。
Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly aggressive and life-threatening malignancy. Even with radical surgical removal and front-line chemotherapy, more than half of GCs locally relapse and metastasize at a distant site. The dismal outcomes reflect the ineffectiveness of a one-size-fits-all approach for a highly heterogeneous disease with diverse etiological causes and complex molecular underpinnings. The recent comprehensive genomic and molecular profiling has led to our deepened understanding of GC. The emerging molecular classification schemes based on the genetic, epigenetic, and molecular signatures are providing great promise for the development of more effective therapeutic strategies in a more personalized and precise manner. To this end, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) research network conducted a comprehensive molecular evaluation of primary GCs and proposed a new molecular classification dividing GCs into four subtypes: Epstein-Barr virus-associated tumors, microsatellite unstable tumors, genomically stable tumors, and tumors with chromosomal instability. This review primarily focuses on the TCGA molecular classification of GCs and discusses the implications on novel targeted therapy strategies. We believe that these fundamental findings will support the future application of targeted therapies and will guide our efforts to develop more efficacious drugs to treat human GCs.