Perceived parental support in childhood and adolescence and suicidal ideation in young adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the i-Share study
Perceived parental support in childhood and adolescence and suicidal ideation in young adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the i-Share study
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DOI：
10.1186/s12888-018-1957-7
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发表时间：
2018-11-27
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Tzourio, Christophe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Macalli, Melissa;Tournier, Marie;Tzourio, Christophe
背景：自杀意念和自杀风险评估是卫生专业人员主要关注的问题。认为父母支持水平低是青少年自杀倾向的风险因素，但人们对其对年轻人自杀行为易感性的长期影响知之甚少。我们调查了儿童和青春期父母支持的感知水平是否与青少年目前的自杀意念有关。方法：我们检索了2013年2月1日至2017年1月30日在I-Share研究中收集的数据。这项横断面研究包括10,015名年龄在18-24岁的法国学生，他们完成了一份关于过去12个月自杀念头及其在童年和青春期感受到的父母支持的在线自我报告问卷。在调整了自杀意念的主要已知危险因素后，我们进行了多项Logistic回归和敏感性分析，以评估感知到的父母支持程度与自杀念头频率之间的关联。结果：研究样本包括7539名女生(75.7%)和2436名男生(24.3%)(平均年龄20.0[1.8]岁)。约五分之一的学生报告偶尔有自杀念头(n=1775，17.7%)，368名学生(3.7%)报告经常有自杀念头。调整后的多项Logistic回归分析显示，父母支持感与自杀念头之间存在显著的负相关。与感受到极强父母支持的个体相比，童年和青春期缺乏父母支持的个体偶尔自杀的风险增加了4倍(调整后的OR，4.55；95%CI：2.97-6.99)，频繁自杀想法的风险增加了近9倍(调整后的OR，8.58；95%CI：4.62-15.96)。这种关联在没有抑郁或自杀未遂个人病史的学生中最为强烈。结论：认为过去父母支持水平较低的学生有更高的自杀意念。过去感受到的父母支持似乎是年轻人自杀风险的一个强有力的标志。这个标记物应该在年轻人自杀风险的研究中常规收集，它可以被认为是一个额外的筛查工具。
Background: Suicidal ideation and suicidal risk assessment are major concerns for health professionals. The perception of a low level of parental support is a risk factor for suicidal tendencies among adolescents, but little is known about its long-term impact on the vulnerability to suicidal behavior in young adults. We investigated whether the perceived level of parental support during childhood and adolescence was associated with current suicidal ideation in young adults.Methods: We retrieved data collected in the i-Share study from February 1st, 2013 through January 30, 2017. This cross-sectional study included 10,015 French students, aged 18-24 years that completed an on-line self-reported questionnaire about suicidal ideation in the last 12 months and their perceived parental support in childhood and adolescence. We performed multinomial logistic regressions and sensitivity analyses to assess associations between the degree of perceived parental support and the frequency suicidal thoughts, after adjusting for the main known risk factors of suicidal ideation. We employed multiple imputations to account for missing data.Results: The study sample included 7539 female (75.7%) and 2436 male (24.3%) students (mean [SD] age 20.0 [1.8] years). About one in five students reported occasional suicidal thoughts (n = 1775, 17.7%) and 368 students (3.7%) reported frequent suicidal thoughts. The adjusted multinomial logistic regression revealed a significant negative association between perceived parental support and suicidal thoughts. A lack of perceived parental support in childhood and adolescence was associated with > 4-fold elevated risk of occasional (adjusted OR, 4.55; 95% CI: 2.97-6.99) and nearly 9-fold elevated risk of frequent (adjusted OR, 8.58; 95% CI: 4.62-15.96) suicidal thoughts, compared to individuals that perceived extremely strong parental support. This association was strongest among students with no personal history of depression or suicide attempts.Conclusions: Students that perceived low levels of past parental support had a higher risk of suicidal ideation. Past perceived parental support appeared to be a potent marker of suicidal risk in young adults. This marker should be routinely collected in studies on suicidal risk in young adults, and it could be considered an additional screening tool.