Measurement of transepidermal water loss in Tanzanian cot‐nursed neonates and its relation to postnatal weight loss
Measurement of transepidermal water loss in Tanzanian cot‐nursed neonates and its relation to postnatal weight loss
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坦桑尼亚婴儿护理新生儿经表皮水分流失的测量及其与产后体重减轻的关系
DOI：
10.1111/j.1651-2227.1996.tb14032.x
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. Boersma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hfh Thijs;AW Massawe;A. Okken;P. Coenraads;F. Muskiet;M. Huisman;E. Boersma
在健康的坦桑尼亚新生儿（n= 92，妊娠26-42周）中，在平均环境湿度为70%，环境温度为32°C的条件下，在出生后的前24小时测量经皮失水（TEWL）和体重变化。记录了13名早产儿和8名足月婴儿第1天的尿量（ml/kg / 24h）。在有限的一组早产儿中（n= 5）， TEWL测量、体重和24小时尿量测量每天重复7天。7名早产儿（胎龄30-36周）和6名足月婴儿体重最大减轻。利用水蒸气压力梯度法测量人体三个部位的蒸发速率，估算TEWL。在第1天，大多数早产儿的TEWL最高，而与相同胎龄（31-36周）的适当胎龄（AGA）婴儿相比，大胎龄婴儿的TEWL和尿量更高。全组第1天体重减轻与TEWL呈正相关（r= 0.49, p<0.05）。在随访中，早产儿的TEWL在头4天几乎保持不变，并在第4天后下降，此时体重开始增加。早产AGA婴儿（胎龄24-37周）平均产后体重下降4.4%，而足月婴儿的这一下降仅为2.6%。与高加索婴儿相比，出生后体重减轻的原因可能是出生后第一天通过皮肤蒸发和尿液排泄的水分流失较少。
In healthy cot‐nursed Tanzanian neonates (n= 92, gestation 26–42 weeks) measurements of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and weight change were performed during the first 24 h after birth at an average ambient humidity of 70% and an environmental temperature of 32°C. Urine production on day 1 (ml/kg per 24h) was documented for a subgroup of 13 preterm and 8 term infants. In a limited group of preterm infants (n= 5) TEWL measurements, weight and 24 h urine volume measurements were repeated daily for 7 days. Maximum weight loss was determined in 7 preterm (gestational age 30–36 weeks) and 6 term infants. TEWL was estimated by measuring the evaporation rate at three sites of the body using the water vapour pressure gradient method. On day 1, TEWL was highest in the most preterm infants, whereas TEWL and urine production were higher in large for gestational age infants as compared to appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants of the same gestational age (31–36 weeks). For the whole group, weight loss on day 1 was correlated with TEWL (r= 0.49, p<0.05). At follow‐up TEWL in preterm infants remained almost constant during the first 4 days and decreased after the fourth day, at which time weight gain commenced. Preterm AGA infants (gestational age 24–37 weeks) showed a mean postnatal weight loss of 4.4% of the birth weight, while in term infants this loss was only 2.6%. A reduced postnatal weight loss as compared to Caucasian infants may be explained by a lower water loss during the first days after birth, through both skin evaporation and urine excretion.