An examination of the size of orders from customers, their characterisation and the implications for inventory control of slow moving items
An examination of the size of orders from customers, their characterisation and the implications for inventory control of slow moving items
复制标题
检查客户订单的规模、订单特征以及对滞销商品库存控制的影响
DOI：
10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601586
复制
发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
EA Shale
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Johnston;J. Boylan;EA Shale
本文对一家电器批发商的客户订单规模进行了 50 万次观察。它指出：单个商品（库存单位或SKU）的客户订单规模分布非常偏态，类似于几何分布；虽然不同商品的平均订单量不同，但对于同一个 SKU，不同分店的平均订单量实际上是相同的，即使分店的需求率差异很大；在一系列 SKU 中，订单数量的平均值和方差之间存在着密切的关系。上述一般结果甚至适用于行动最慢的人。这种扩展很重要，因为对于需求间歇性的商品，需要客户订单的大小才能产生无偏的需求估计。此外，了解需求分布对于设定最大和最小库存水平也很重要，并描述了所采用的方案。
This paper examines half a million observations of the size of orders from customers at an electrical wholesaler. It notes: the distribution of the size of customer orders for a single item (stock keeping unit or SKU) is very skewed and resembles a geometric distribution; while the average size of an order is different for different items, for one SKU the mean order size is effectively the same at different branches even when the branches have very different demand rates; across a range of SKUs there is a strong relationship linking the mean and the variance of order size. The general results above are shown to apply to even the slowest movers. This extension is important because for items with intermittent demand the size of customer orders is required to produce an unbiased estimate of demand. Also a knowledge of the distribution of demand is important for setting maximum and minimum stock levels and the scheme employed is described.