Evidence for mirror systems in emotions.
Evidence for mirror systems in emotions.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2009.0058
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发表时间：
2009-08-27
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Keysers C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bastiaansen JA;Thioux M;Keysers C
为什么当我们看到心爱的人哭泣时，我们会感到泪水涌出？为什么当我们看到别人伤害自己时我们会畏缩？这篇综述从具身模拟的角度来解决这些问题：观察他人的动作和触觉激活了观察者大脑中的运动前区、后顶叶和躯体感觉区，这些区域在执行类似的动作和感受类似的感觉时也是活跃的。我们将证明，看到他人的情绪也会激活与体验类似情绪有关的区域，尽管似乎没有一个可靠的特定情绪映射到特定的大脑区域。相反，情绪模拟似乎涉及情感，运动和体感组件的马赛克。这些成分对特定情绪的相对贡献及其相互关系在很大程度上是未知的，尽管最近的实验证据表明，运动模拟可能是相关感觉状态模拟的触发器。这种模拟的马赛克可能是必要的，以产生我们对他人感受的令人信服的洞察力。通过与高级认知功能的整合和调节，它们可以成为重要的社会功能的核心，包括同理心、心智阅读和社会学习。
Why do we feel tears well up when we see a loved one cry? Why do we wince when we see other people hurt themselves? This review addresses these questions from the perspective of embodied simulation: observing the actions and tactile sensations of others activates premotor, posterior parietal and somatosensory regions in the brain of the observer which are also active when performing similar movements and feeling similar sensations. We will show that seeing the emotions of others also recruits regions involved in experiencing similar emotions, although there does not seem to be a reliable mapping of particular emotions onto particular brain regions. Instead, emotion simulation seems to involve a mosaic of affective, motor and somatosensory components. The relative contributions of these components to a particular emotion and their interrelationship are largely unknown, although recent experimental evidence suggests that motor simulation may be a trigger for the simulation of associated feeling states. This mosaic of simulations may be necessary for generating the compelling insights we have into the feelings of others. Through their integration with, and modulation by, higher cognitive functions, they could be at the core of important social functions, including empathy, mind reading and social learning.
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