Climate stress impacts on livestock health: Implications for farming livelihoods and animal disease in Karnataka, India
Climate stress impacts on livestock health: Implications for farming livelihoods and animal disease in Karnataka, India
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气候压力对牲畜健康的影响：对印度卡纳塔克邦农业生计和动物疾病的影响
DOI：
10.1079/cabionehealth.2022.0009
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Eskdale A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eskdale A
了解气候变化对牲畜健康的影响对于保障全球粮食供应、经济和农业生计至关重要。通过对印度卡纳塔克邦农业生计的快速人种学评估所提供的二手数据进行探索，我们发现，降水和蒸汽压力是与印度卡纳塔克邦的出血性败血症（HS）、炭疽（AX）和黑季（BQ）爆发有关的关键气候变量。然后，我们开发了一个风险分类工具，评估疾病风险如何在卡纳塔克邦目前和未来可能的情况下变化。温度和最高温度与HS，AX和BQ呈负相关，表明经历凉爽（但仍然炎热）气候的地区越来越潮湿，更潮湿的条件下，未来爆发的风险很高。主成分分析显示，印度西南季风和冬季期间是最强烈的相关性与HS，AX和BQ爆发。蒸汽压是湿度的代表，与这些特定的牲畜疾病有正相关关系。某些环境条件会增加某些细菌性疾病和类似症状的疾病的发生率，因此也有可能推动抗生素的使用，并在压力下的地区出现抗菌素耐药性（AMR）。只要气候和流行病学数据涵盖类似的时间段，这种方法可以复制到调查其他疾病和地区。这一证据突出表明，气候变化与“一个健康”研究和政策之间需要更大的协同作用。“一个健康”影响声明我们采取了一种跨学科的方法，从“一个健康”扩展到包括气候科学和与农民和畜牧业顾问的参与性研究，以调查与气候有关的因素之间的关系。（地表温度、降雨量、湿度）和与牲畜有关的细菌性疾病的爆发。这一点与“一个健康”方法特别相关，因为它不仅试图整合疾病科学的研究结果，而且还试图整合作为疾病驱动因素的气候变化科学的研究结果，并解决公共和私营部门（当地农业、牲畜健康、政府政策等）可能出现的问题。为印度整个卡纳塔克邦的气候相关疾病风险提供空间背景将使以下方面受益：可能已经在从事或正在过渡到更集约化畜牧业的当地农民;政策制定者;以及正在规划未来投资的私营部门公司。在进行这种扩展时，需要充分认识到潜在的更高的疾病风险。我们的跨学科方法来自于对农民生计挑战的生活经历的观察，并促进了气候数据集的使用，这些数据集可能主要不是为疾病相关研究收集或使用的，以绘制长期流行病学风险。这表明了这种跨学科项目可以产生的实际影响，通过解释观察到的动物健康风险（社会科学家在与从业者社区接触时强调），地球科学家然后能够量化，证明否则不会被证明的联系。利用来自印度政府和研究实验室等地方机构的疾病数据，可以为主要受研究中强调的挑战影响的当地农民制定计划，以务实的办法应对当地挑战。
Understanding the impact of climate change on livestock health is critical to safeguarding global food supplies, economies, and farming livelihoods. We evidence, through exploration of secondary data informed by a rapid ethnographic assessment of farming livelihoods in Karnataka, India, that both precipitation and vapour pressure are key climate variables relating to outbreaks of haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS), anthrax (AX), and black quarter (BQ) across the Indian state of Karnataka. We then developed a risk classification tool that assesses how disease risk varies in Karnataka at present and in possible future scenarios. Temperature and maximum temperature are negatively correlated with HS, AX, and BQ, indicating that regions experiencing a cool (but still hot) climate with increasingly wetter, more humid conditions are at high risk of future outbreaks. Principal component analyses revealed the southwest India monsoon and winter periods to be the most strongly correlated with HS, AX, and BQ outbreaks. Vapour pressure, a proxy for humidity, has a positive relationship with these specific livestock diseases. Certain environmental conditions increase the incidence of some bacterial diseases and conditions that mimic their symptoms, and thus also risk driving up the use of antibiotics and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in regions under stress. This methodology can be replicated to investigate other diseases and regions, as long as the climate and epidemiological data cover similar time periods. This evidence highlights the need for greater synergies between climate change and One Health research and policy.One Health Impact StatementWe have taken a transdisciplinary approach, which expands out of One Health to include climate science and participatory research with farmers and livestock industry consultants, to investigate the relationship between factors related to climate (surface temperatures, rainfall, humidity) and outbreaks of livestock-related bacterial diseases. This is especially relevant to the One Health approach as it attempts to integrate findings between not only the science of disease but also the science of climate change as a driver of disease, and address problems that could arise within the public and private sectors (local farming, livestock health, government policy etc.). Providing spatial context to climate-associated disease risk across the Indian state of Karnataka will benefit: local farmers who may already be practising, or are transitioning to, more intensive livestock farming; policymakers; and private sector companies who are planning for future investments. Such expansion needs to be undertaken with full awareness of potentially heightened disease risk. Our transdisciplinary approach is borne from the observations of famers’ lived experiences of challenges to their livelihoods and facilitates the use of climate datasets that may not have been primarily collected for, or used by, disease-related studies to map long-term epidemiological risk. This demonstrates the pragmatic impact that such transdisciplinary projects can have, by providing interpretations of observed risks to animal health (highlighted by social scientists during engagement with practitioner communities) that Earth Scientists were then able to quantify, proving links that would otherwise not have been evidenced. The use of disease data sourced from local institutions, including the Government of India and research laboratories, can inform plans for the application of pragmatic solutions to local challenges by local farmers who are primarily impacted by the challenges highlighted in the research.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cvfa.2018.07.002
发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Dahl, Geoffrey E.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
0.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
R. Dhiman
卡纳塔克邦的干旱脆弱性评估：通过综合气候指数
影响因子：
0.6
作者：
G. Srinivasareddy;H. S. Shivakumarnaiklal;N. Keerthy;Prasad Garag;E. Jothi;O. Challa
通讯作者：
O. Challa
劳特利奇素食研究手册
DOI：
10.4324/9781003020875
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Revue scientifique et technique
影响因子：
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作者：
P. Rathod;M. Chander;Y. Bangar
通讯作者：
Y. Bangar