Phylogeography of brown bears (Ursus arctos) of Alaska and paraphyly within the Ursidae.
Phylogeography of brown bears (Ursus arctos) of Alaska and paraphyly within the Ursidae.
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DOI：
10.1006/mpev.1996.0044
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发表时间：
1996-06
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
S. Talbot;G. Shields
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Talbot;G. Shields
对来自阿拉斯加10个地理区域的166只棕熊（Ursus arctos）的线粒体细胞色素b、tRNA（脯氨酸）和tRNA（苏氨酸）基因的全核苷酸序列进行了描述，以描述自然遗传变异，构建分子系统发育，并评估经典分类。将棕熊的DNA序列与作为外群的北极熊（maritimus）和马来熊（Helarctos malayanus）的同源序列进行了比较。简约法和邻居结合法都得出了本质上相同的系统发育树，表明阿拉斯加棕熊的mtDNA有两个不同的分支：一个只包括现在居住在阿拉斯加东南部一些岛屿上的棕熊，另一个包括阿拉斯加所有其他地区的棕熊。我们之前报道的阿拉斯加东南部岛屿上的北极熊和棕熊的密切关系，以及其他人报道的北极熊和棕熊的近亲关系，都被这个更大的数据集所证实。阿拉斯加棕熊的mtDNA类型与栖息地偏好之间存在微弱的相关性。我们的mtDNA数据支持一些，但不是全部，目前指定的棕熊亚种的描述基本上是基于形态学的。
Complete nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b, tRNA(prolime), and tRNA(threonine) genes were described for 166 brown bears (Ursus arctos) from 10 geographic regions of Alaska to describe natural genetic variation, construct a molecular phylogeny, and evaluate classical taxonomies. DNA sequences of brown bears were compared to homologous sequences of the polar bear (maritimus) and of the sun bear (Helarctos malayanus), which was used as an outgroup. Parsimony and neighbor-joining methods each produced essentially identical phylogenetic trees that suggest two distinct clades of mtDNA for brown bears in Alaska: one composed only of bears that now reside on some of the islands of southeastern Alaska and the other which includes bears from all other regions of Alaska. The very close relationship of the polar bear to brown bears of the islands of southeastern Alaska as previously reported by us and the paraphyletic association of polar bears to brown bears reported by others have been reaffirmed with this much larger data set. A weak correlation is suggested between types of mtDNA and habitat preference by brown bears in Alaska. Our mtDNA data support some, but not all, of the currently designated subspecies of brown bears whose descriptions have been based essentially on morphology.