Melt compounding of different grades of polystyrene with organoclay. Part 1: Compounding and characterization
Melt compounding of different grades of polystyrene with organoclay. Part 1: Compounding and characterization
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DOI：
10.1002/pen.20098
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发表时间：
2004-06
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
S. Tanoue;L. Utracki;A. García-rejón;J. Tatibouët;K. Cole;M. Kamal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Tanoue;L. Utracki;A. García-rejón;J. Tatibouët;K. Cole;M. Kamal
通过在同向旋转啮合双螺杆挤出机中熔融混炼制备了含有高达 20 wt% 有机粘土的聚苯乙烯 (PS) 纳米复合材料。使用了具有不同分子量的三种等级的PS。在本文中，我们讨论了混合物的制备和表征。通过超声波（美国）测量停留时间及其分布。研究发现它们与 PS 等级无关，但 US 衰减和声速随有机粘土负载的变化而变化。根据 XRD 衍射数据，有机粘土分散成两种类型的片状堆叠，衍射峰位于约 2θ = 2.1 和 5.5°，即层间距分别为 d 001 = 4.20 和 1.6 nm。由于纯有机粘土的 d 001 = 1.93 nm，第一个峰表示 PS 的插层，另一个峰表示复合过程中层间通道的塌陷。 XRD 谱取决于有机粘土含量，但不取决于 PS 等级。根据TEM分析，低分子量聚苯乙烯中有机粘土在聚合物基体中的插层程度最高。 TEM 结果还证实了部分样品的层间距崩溃。 FT-IR 光谱表明纳米粘土中存在的鎓化合物发生了一定的热降解。
Nanocomposites of polystyrene (PS) with up to 20 wt% organoclay were prepared by melt compounding in a co-rotating, intermeshing twin-screw extruder. Three grades of PS with different molecular weights were used. In this paper we discuss preparation and characterization of the mixtures. Residence time and its distribution were measured by ultrasonics (US). They were found to be independent of the PS grade, but the US attenuation and sound velocity varied with the organoclay loading. According to the XRD diffraction data, the organoclay was dispersed into two types of platelet stacks evidenced by the diffraction peaks at about 2θ = 2.1 and 5.5°, i.e., with the interlayer spacings of d 001 = 4.20 and 1.6 nm, respectively. Since neat organoclay has d 001 = 1.93 nm, the first peak indicates intercalation by PS and the other a collapse of the interlamellar gallery during compounding. The XRD spectra depended on the organoclay content, but not on PS grade. According to TEM analysis, the degree of intercalation of organoclay in the polymer matrix is highest for the low-molecular-weight polystyrene. TEM results also confirm the collapse of interlamellar spacing in parts of the samples. FT-IR spectroscopy showed that there was some thermal degradation of the onium compound present in the nanoclay.