Acidification in the epidermis and the role of secretory phospholipases.
Acidification in the epidermis and the role of secretory phospholipases.
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DOI：
10.4161/derm.3.2.15140
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发表时间：
2011-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mauro T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chan A;Mauro T
表皮的功能是在干燥的外部环境和身体内部之间形成有效的屏障。该屏障特异性地存在于角质层（SC）的细胞外脂质膜中，并且酸性pH是维持其抵抗各种损伤的能力所必需的。本文综述了角质层酸化的机制，包括内源性和外源性因素。然而，最近的研究指出了几种内源性机制作为酸化的主要来源，包括钠/质子泵（NHE 1）和通过分泌型磷脂酶A2（sPLA 2）从磷脂转化游离脂肪酸。sPLA 2已被证明在出生后表皮早期成熟的SC“酸性套膜”的形成中起核心作用。该酶家族的许多方面是复杂的，并且仍在研究中被阐明，并且在此呈现了关于表皮中sPL A2-IB、-IIA、-IIC、-IID、-IIE、-IIF、-III、-V、-X和-XII的定位和功能的最新发现。鉴于它们在炎症性皮肤病（如银屑病和特应性皮炎）中的作用，了解这种复杂的酶家族可以导致新的，改变生活的疗法。
The function of the epidermis is to form an effective barrier between the dry, external environment and the interior of the body. The barrier specifically resides in the extracellular lipid membranes of the stratum corneum (SC) and an acidic pH is necessary to maintain its competency against various insults. The purpose of this review is to explore the mechanisms which are postulated to contribute to the acidification of the stratum corneum, including both exogenous and endogenous sources. However, recent research as pointed to several endogenous mechanisms as the major source of acidification, including a sodium/proton pump (NHE1) and free fatty acid conversion from phospholipids by secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2). sPLA2 has been shown to play a central role in the formation of the SC “acid mantle” in the early maturation of the epidermis postnatally. Many aspects of this enzyme family are complex and still being elucidated in research and the most recent findings on the localization and functions of sPL A2-IB, -IIA, -IIC, -IID, -IIE, -IIF, -III, -V, -X and -XII in the epidermis are presented here. Given their role in inflammatory dermatoses, such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, understanding this complex enzyme family can lead to novel, life-changing therapies.