Conditions for obtaining positronium Bose–Einstein condensation in a micron-sized cavity

Conditions for obtaining positronium Bose–Einstein condensation in a micron-sized cavity
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在微米级空腔中获得正电子玻色爱因斯坦凝聚的条件

DOI:
10.1140/epjd/s10053-022-00427-1
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
The European Physical Journal D
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Mills, Jr., Allen P.
Mills, Jr., Allen P.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Asaro, Marcus X.;Herrera, Steven;Fuentes-Garcia, Melina;Cecchini, Gabriel G.;Membreno, Erick E.;Greaves, Rod G.;Mills, Jr., Allen P.

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寻求在多孔二氧化硅等材料的微米级空腔中制造三重态正电子(Ps)玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体,至少面临三个相互关联的问题:(1)必须将自旋极化的 Ps 原子注入多孔固体材料内的小空腔中,而不使其蒸发。 (2) 众所周知,限制在多孔二氧化硅直径 30-100 nm 空腔中的 Ps 原子不会保留在气相中,而是在室温下粘在空腔壁上(Cooper 等人,Phys. Rev. B 97:205302, 2018)。 (3) 通过与壁进行能量交换将 Ps 原子气体冷却至低温将是一个非常缓慢的过程(Saito 和 Hyodo,见:Surko,Gianturco(编辑)反物质化学和物理新方向,Springer Dordrecht,荷兰,2001),因为与壁的碰撞率相对较低,并且 Ps 和壁原子的质量之间存在较大的不匹配。提出了解决这些困难的一种可能的解决方案,基于冷却同位素纯金刚石单晶靶中的注入正电子,随后使壁 Ps 覆盖范围饱和,使得大部分 Ps 处于气态,并通过与低有效质量壁 Ps 碰撞来热化气相 Ps。还概述了目标材料的设计过程,包括使用聚焦离子束铣削制造多孔腔的初步结果。图形摘要
The quest for making a triplet positronium (Ps) Bose–Einstein condensate confined in a micron-sized cavity in a material such as porous silica faces at least three interrelated problems: (1) Aboutspin polarized Ps atoms must be injected into a small cavity within a porous solid material without vaporizing it. (2) It is known that Ps atoms confined in 30–100 nm diameter cavities in porous silica do not remain in the gas phase, but become stuck to the cavity walls at room temperature (Cooper et al., Phys. Rev. B 97:205302, 2018). (3) Cooling a gas of Ps atoms to cryogenic temperatures by energy exchange with the walls would be a very slow process (Saito and Hyodo, in: Surko, Gianturco (eds) New Directions in Antimatter Chemistry and Physics, Springer Dordrecht, Netherlands, 2001) because of the relatively low collision rate with the walls and the large mismatch between the masses of the Ps and the wall atoms. A possible solution of these difficulties is presented, based on cooling the implanted positrons in an isotopically pure diamond single crystal target, subsequent saturating of the wall Ps coverage so that a substantial portion of the Ps will be in the gaseous state, and thermalizing the gas-phase Ps via collisions with the low effective mass wall Ps. A design process for the target material is outlined as well, including preliminary results in porous cavity fabrication using focused ion beam milling.Graphical abstract
玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚正电子素冷却研究
DOI: 10.1088/0953-4075/49/10/104001
发表时间: 2015
期刊: Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
影响因子: --
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天然钻石中的正电子迁移率
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