Acridine orange base as a dopant for n doping of C60 thin films
Acridine orange base as a dopant for n doping of C60 thin films
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DOI：
10.1063/1.2219374
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发表时间：
2006-07-15
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Dang, Xuan-Dung
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Fenghong;Pfeiffer, Martin;Dang, Xuan-Dung
采用吖啶橙子碱[3，6-双二甲氨基吖啶（AOB）]对C-60薄膜进行n掺杂，结合电导、场效应和Seebeck测量，研究了C-60薄膜的n掺杂特性。对于6摩尔%的掺杂比，观察到电导率增加超过6个数量级，同时与未掺杂的C-60相比，活化能从0.64降低到0.15 eV。我们观察到一个明确的掺杂效果后，立即样品制备，但也进一步激活退火或照明。场效应和Seebeck测量证实了C-60薄膜的n型导电性，并表明AOB掺杂的C-60薄膜中形成了深施主态。当掺杂浓度为1.8mol%时，场效应迁移率为0.2cm（2）/Vs。近红外（NIR）和傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱证明电子从掺杂剂转移到基质：对于用AOB掺杂的C-60，C-60（-）存在于NIR吸收和FTIR光谱中。另一方面，在C-60：AOB的FTIR光谱中也观察到对应于吖啶橙子[3，6-双（二甲氨基）吖啶鎓氯化物（AOBH（+））]的峰，其中AOBH（+）对应于附加了一个质子的AOB。AOB和AOBH（+）在乙腈中的电化学数据表明，AOB自由基阳离子不稳定，但迅速转化为与AOBH（+）具有相似性质的化合物。还研究了掺杂双（亚乙基二硫）-四硫富瓦烯的C-60薄膜的电导率，以证实AOB在C-60中的掺杂效应不是由从AOB到C-60的简单电子转移引起的。(c)2006年，美国物理学会。
We present a study on n doping of C-60 thin films by acridine orange base [3,6-bis(dimethylamino)acridine(AOB)] combining conductivity, field effect, and Seebeck measurements. An increase of more than six orders of magnitude in conductivity is observed for a doping ratio of 6 mol %, accompanied by a decrease in the activation energy from 0.64 to 0.15 eV compared to the undoped C-60. We observe a clear doping effect immediately after sample preparation, but also a further activation by annealing or illumination. The field effect and Seebeck measurements confirm n-type conduction of C-60 thin films and show that deep donor states are formed in AOB-doped C-60 thin films. A field effect mobility of 0.2 cm(2)/V s is achieved for a doping level of 1.8 mol %. Near Infrared (NIR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra demonstrate electron transfer from the dopant to the matrix: For C-60 doped with AOB, C-60(-) is present in NIR absorption and FTIR spectra. On the other hand, a peak corresponding to acridine orange [3,6-bis(dimethylamino)acridinium chloride (AOBH(+))] is also observed in the FTIR spectrum of C-60:AOB, where AOBH(+) corresponds to AOB with one additional proton attached. Electrochemical data of AOB and AOBH(+) in acetontrile suggest that the AOB radical cation is not stable, but is rapidly transformed into a compound with similar properties to AOBH(+). Conductivities of C-60 thin films doped with bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene were also investigated to confirm that the doping effect of AOB in C-60 does not result from a simple electron transfer from AOB to C-60.(c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.