Aerosol-jet-printed graphene electrochemical immunosensors for rapid and label-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva
Aerosol-jet-printed graphene electrochemical immunosensors for rapid and label-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva
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DOI：
10.1088/2053-1583/ac7339
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发表时间：
2022-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Claussen, Jonathan C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pola, Cicero C.;Rangnekar, Sonal, V;Claussen, Jonathan C.
快速、廉价和易于使用的2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）家庭检测是除疫苗外，在全球范围内消除国家和地方关闭的关键工具。然而，目前可用的SARS-CoV-2（导致COVID-19的病毒）检测方法过于昂贵、痛苦和刺激，或者不够敏感，无法进行常规、准确的家庭检测。在此，我们使用定制配方的石墨烯墨水和气溶胶喷射打印来创建一种快速电化学免疫传感器，用于直接检测非侵入性唾液样本中的SARS-CoV-2刺突受体结合域（RBD）。该传感器的检测限远低于大多数商用SARS-CoV-2抗原检测(刺突RBD为22.91 +/- 4.72 pg ml(-1)，刺突S1为110.38 +/- 9.00 pg ml(-1))，响应时间快（类似于30分钟）。通过碳二亚胺反应，将印刷石墨烯电极与SARS-CoV-2多克隆抗体一步实现功能化，无需纳米颗粒功能化或二抗或金属纳米颗粒标记。该免疫传感器具有1 ~ 1000 ng ml（-1）的宽线性感应范围，并且不会与其他共存的流感病毒（如H1N1血凝素）发生反应。通过结合高产量石墨烯油墨合成、自动化打印、高抗原选择性和快速检测能力，这项工作为当前的SARS-CoV-2抗原检测提供了一种有希望的替代方案。
Rapid, inexpensive, and easy-to-use coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) home tests are key tools in addition to vaccines in the world wide fight to eliminate national and local shutdowns. However, currently available tests for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, are too expensive, painful, and irritating, or not sufficiently sensitive for routine, accurate home testing. Herein, we employ custom-formulated graphene inks and aerosol jet printing to create a rapid electrochemical immunosensor for direct detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) in saliva samples acquired noninvasively. This sensor demonstrated limits of detection that are considerably lower than most commercial SARS-CoV-2 antigen tests (22.91 +/- 4.72 pg ml(-1) for spike RBD and 110.38 +/- 9.00 pg ml(-1) for spike S1) as well as fast response time (similar to 30 min), which was facilitated by the functionalization of printed graphene electrodes in a single-step with SARS-CoV-2 polyclonal antibody through the carbodiimide reaction without the need for nanoparticle functionalization or secondary antibody or metallic nanoparticle labels. This immunosensor presents a wide linear sensing range from 1 to 1000 ng ml(-1) and does not react with other coexisting influenza viruses such as H1N1 hemagglutinin. By combining high-yield graphene ink synthesis, automated printing, high antigen selectivity, and rapid testing capability, this work offers a promising alternative to current SARS-CoV-2 antigen tests.