Ammonia inhalation-induced inflammation and structural impairment in the bursa of fabricius and thymus of broilers through NF-κB signaling pathway
Ammonia inhalation-induced inflammation and structural impairment in the bursa of fabricius and thymus of broilers through NF-κB signaling pathway
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DOI：
10.1007/s11356-020-07743-2
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发表时间：
2020-01-22
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Teng, Xiaohua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shah, Syed Waqas Ali;Ishfaq, Muhammad;Teng, Xiaohua
氨（NH3）是一种有毒的环境污染物和刺激性气体。以前的研究报道了NH3的毒性作用，导致鸡的各个器官发炎。然而，nh3诱导鸡淋巴器官法氏囊（BF）和胸腺炎症的确切机制尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在探讨nh3对鸡BF和胸腺的炎症反应。试验鸡分为低（5.0 mg/m(3)）、中（10.0 ~ 15.0 mg/m(3)）和高（20.0 ~ 45.0 mg/m(3)）处理组。采用光镜、微孔板分光光度计、酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和qRT-PCR检测nh3对鸡BF和胸腺炎症的影响，观察NO含量、iNOS活性、炎症细胞因子含量和mRNA水平。本研究结果表明，NH3暴露降低了BF和胸腺指数，增加了一氧化氮（NO）含量和诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）活性，炎症细胞因子含量和核因子κ B （nf - κ B）、环氧化酶-2 （Cox-2）、肿瘤坏死因子α (tnf - α)、白细胞介素6 （IL-6）、IL-10、IL-1 β、IL-18、toll样受体2A （TLR-2A）和iNOS mRNA水平。组织病理学检查显示炎症征象，包括胸腺皮层、髓质和囊泡增多的核碎片和空泡。最后，我们的研究结果表明，NH3暴露会影响BF和胸腺的正常功能，并导致炎症。为nh3在鸡肉生产中的毒性和风险评价提供了新的依据。
Ammonia (NH3) is a toxic, environmental pollutant, and irritant gas. Previous studies reported the toxic effects of NH3 which led to inflammation in various organs of chicken. However, the exact mechanism of NH3-induced inflammation in chicken lymphoid organs bursa of fabricius (BF) and thymus is still elusive. Thus, this study was designed to investigate NH3-induced inflammation in chicken BF and thymus. Experimental chickens were divided into low (5.0 mg/m(3)), middle (10.0-15.0 mg/m(3)), and high (20.0-45.0 mg/m(3)) NH3-treated groups. To investigate NH3-induced inflammation in chicken's BF and thymus, histological observation, NO content and iNOS activity, inflammatory cytokine contents, and mRNA levels were performed by light microscopy, microplate spectrophotometer, ELISA assay, and qRT-PCR. The finding of the present study showed that NH3 exposure reduced BF and thymus index, increased nitric oxide (NO) content and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, inflammatory cytokine contents and mRNA levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-10, IL-1 beta, IL-18, toll-like receptor 2A (TLR-2A), and iNOS. Histopathological examination revealed signs of inflammation including increased nuclear debris and vacuoles in the cortex and medulla of thymus and bursal follicles. Conclusively, our findings displayed that NH3 exposure affects the normal function of BF and thymus and led inflammation. The data provided a new ground for NH3-induced toxicity and risk assessment in chicken production.