Chromosomal location of genes controlling short-term and long-term somatic embryogenesis in wheat revealed by immature embryo culture of aneuploid lines
Chromosomal location of genes controlling short-term and long-term somatic embryogenesis in wheat revealed by immature embryo culture of aneuploid lines
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00225165
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发表时间：
1994-10
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Y. Henry;J. Marcotte;J. Buyser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Henry;J. Marcotte;J. Buyser
通过在未成熟胚培养过程中诱导非整倍体细胞进行胚胎发生，然后确定是否发生缺陷，可以分析体细胞胚胎发生过程中必需基因的表达。 比较小麦二体和非整倍体材料，包括36个双端体小麦和7个非四体“中国春”小麦，在体外未成熟胚培养2个月后进行体细胞胚胎发生的能力。体外培养 4 个月和 14 个月后观察它们的再生能力，以确定哪些染色体臂影响该过程。在测试的非整倍体中发现的大范围变异表明体细胞组织培养能力的遗传控制是多基因的。我们的结果表明影响体细胞胚胎发生和再生的基因位于所有同源染色体组中。染色体臂 1AL (DT 1AS) 和 3DL (DT 3DS) 的缺失实际上会抑制体细胞胚胎发生，这表明小麦染色体臂 1AL 和 3DL 上的主要基因控制着再生能力。结果表明植物主要是由体细胞胚胎发育产生的。尽管体细胞胚胎发生和再生的控制是多基因的，但位于同源第3组染色体长臂上的基因具有主要影响。我们还有证据表明染色体臂决定了再生所需的时间。
The expression of essential genes during somatic embryogenesis can be analysed by inducing aneuploid cells to undergo embryogenesis during immature embryo culture and then determining whether defects occur.Triticum aestivumdisomic and aneuploid stocks, including 36 ditelosomics and 7 nullitetrasomic ‘Chinese Spring’ wheats, were compared for their ability to undergo somatic embryogenesis after 2 months of in vitro immature embryo culture. Their regeneration capacity was observed after 4 and 14 months of in vitro culture to determine which chromosome arms influence the process. The large range of variation found among the tested aneuploids suggested that genetic control of the somatic tissue culture ability is polygenic. Our results indicate that genes affecting somatic embryo-genesis and regeneration are located in all of the homoeologous chromosome groups. The lack of chromosome arms 1AL (DT 1AS) and 3DL (DT 3DS) practically suppresses somatic embryogenesis, demonstrating that major genes on wheat chromosome arms 1AL and 3DL control regeneration capacity. Results suggest that plants were mainly produced from somatic embryo development. Although the control of somatic embryogenesis and regeneration is polygenic, the genes located on the long arms of homoeologous group 3 chromosomes have a major effect. We also have evidence of chromosome arms that determine the time required for regeneration.