Introduction: Does Europe Matter? Accession to EU and Social Policy Developments in Recent and New Member States
Introduction: Does Europe Matter? Accession to EU and Social Policy Developments in Recent and New Member States
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简介：欧洲重要吗？
DOI：
10.1177/0958928704044619
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
B. Palier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Guillén;B. Palier
导致了许多讨论集中在这一变化对欧盟机构和欧盟经济的影响上。尽管如此，人们对社会政策的关注要少得多。因此，这一关于扩大、欧洲化和社会政策的特刊旨在为扩大的社会政策方面作出贡献。它提出了两个对我们理解社会政策和东扩进程至关重要的问题：欧盟治理和机构在塑造东扩进程的社会层面方面扮演着什么角色？在一个拥有4.5亿人口的扩大后的市场中，保持团结水平是可取的，也是可能的吗？为了解决这两个关键问题，本期对不同的扩大进程进行了比较：希腊和西班牙的加入与中东欧国家的扩大准备进行了对比。本问题是对《欧洲社会政策杂志》开始的关于欧洲扩大和欧洲一体化的辩论的后续行动和丰富(辩论部分，13(1)，2003年2月)。尽管如此，这里的重点不是扩大或加入本身，而是欧洲化。欧洲化是贯穿所有贡献的主要参照点。每一篇文章都涉及欧盟与国家(和次国家)政策制定之间的相互作用或缺乏相互作用。这一问题的目的在于确定欧盟在塑造国家社会政策发展方面可能在新老成员国中发挥作用的方式。这一期包括七篇文章，涉及一系列广泛的改革进程和趋势。第一本和最后一本书提供了对东欧福利国家的总体看法。尼克·曼宁评估了自1989年以来八个加入国的变化，并分析了整个中东欧地区的广泛演变过程，从而提供了关于加入国在其邻国中处于什么位置以及哪些改革轨迹相同或哪些不同的关键信息。反过来，Noémi Lendvai的评论文章讨论了关于扩大的社会层面、加入过程的多样性以及领土间团结问题的学术辩论。其中四份是个案研究，专门涉及匈牙利、捷克共和国、希腊和西班牙(作者分别是：Zsuzsa Ferge和Gábor Jahász；Martin Potůc̆ek；Dimitri Sotiropoulos；Ana Guillén和Santiago Allvarez)。有关南欧的文献大体上证实，地中海国家在发展其福利制度方面已在加入欧盟方面“迎头赶上”。比较两个南欧国家和两个东欧国家加入欧盟的想法，首先是为了寻找使南欧国家赶上欧盟的条件，其次是看看中东欧国家是否可以找到这些条件。基本问题是看成为欧盟成员国是否以及在何种条件下对成员国的社会政策发展产生影响。为了组织这一比较，在每个国家的案例中都讨论了同样的问题，因此，在明显不同的背景下处理了同样的问题。导语：欧洲重要吗？加入欧盟以及最近和新成员国的社会政策发展
has resulted in much discussion focused on the impact of this change on EU institutions and on EU economics. Nonetheless, much less attention has been devoted to social policy. This special issue on enlargement, Europeanization and social policy is therefore intended to contribute to social policy aspects of enlargement. It asks two questions central to our understanding of social policy and the enlargement process: What is the role of EU governance and institutions in shaping the social dimensions of the enlargement process?; and is it desirable and possible to maintain levels of solidarity in an enlarged market of 450m people? In order to address these two crucial questions, this issue compares various processes of enlargement: the accessions of Greece and Spain are contrasted with preparations for enlargement in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. The present issue constitutes a follow-up and enrichment of the debate opened by the Journal of European Social Policy on European enlargement and European integration (Debates section, 13(1), February 2003). Still the accent here is not placed on enlargement or accession per se but rather on Europeanization. Europeanization is the main reference point cross-cutting all contributions. Each contribution deals with the interplay, or lack of it, between EU and national (and subnational) policy making. The aim of the issue lies in the identification of the ways in which the EU may matter among new and older member states for shaping national social-policy developments. The issue includes seven contributions, covring a wide-ranging set of processes and trends of reform. The first and the last of them provide a general view of Eastern European welfare states. Nick Manning assesses changes in eight of the accession countries since 1989 and also analyses broad processes of evolution in the whole CEE area, thus offering crucial information on where accession countries stand among their neighbours, and on which reform trajectories are shared and which not. In turn, Noémi Lendvai’s review essay addresses academic debates on the social dimension of enlargement, the diversity of accession processes, and the issue of interterritorial solidarity. Four of the contributions are case-studies, devoted to Hungary, the Czech Republic, Greece and Spain (authored by Zsuzsa Ferge and Gábor Juhász; Martin Potůc̆ek; Dimitri Sotiropoulos; and Ana Guillén and Santiago Álvarez respectively). The literature on Southern Europe generally confirms that Mediterranean countries have ‘caught up’ from entering the EU as far as the development of their welfare system is concerned. The idea of comparing accession to the EU by two Southern and two Eastern countries was, first, to look for the conditions that allowed the catch-up scenario for Southern Europe and, second, to see whether these conditions are to be found in the case of CEE countries. The basic question is to see whether, and under which conditions, becoming a member of the EU makes a difference for national member state social-policy developments. In order to organize this comparison, the same questions are addressed in each national case and, thus, in markedly different contexts. Introduction: Does Europe matter? Accession to EU and social policy developments in recent and new member states