Selective ensembles in supported palladium sulfide nanoparticles for alkyne semi-hydrogenation.
Selective ensembles in supported palladium sulfide nanoparticles for alkyne semi-hydrogenation.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-05052-4
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发表时间:
2018-07-06
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Pérez-Ramírez J
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Albani D;Shahrokhi M;Chen Z;Mitchell S;Hauert R;López N;Pérez-Ramírez J
Ensemble control has been intensively pursued for decades to identify sustainable alternatives to the Lindlar catalyst (PdPb/CaCO3) applied for the partial hydrogenation of alkynes in industrial organic synthesis. Although the geometric and electronic requirements are known, a literature survey illustrates the difficulty of transferring this knowledge into an efficient and robust catalyst. Here, we report a simple treatment of palladium nanoparticles supported on graphitic carbon nitride with aqueous sodium sulfide, which directs the formation of a nanostructured Pd3S phase with controlled crystallographic orientation, exhibiting unparalleled performance in the semi-hydrogenation of alkynes in the liquid phase. The exceptional behavior is linked to the multifunctional role of sulfur. Apart from defining a structure integrating spatially-isolated palladium trimers, the active ensembles, the modifier imparts a bifunctional mechanism and weak binding of the organic intermediates. Similar metal trimers are also identified in Pd4S, evidencing the pervasiveness of these selective ensembles in supported palladium sulfides. Developing robust catalysts for alkyne semi-hydrogenation remains a challenge. Here, the authors introduce a scalable protocol to prepare crystal phase and orientation controlled Pd3S nanoparticles supported on carbon nitride, exhibiting unparalleled semi-hydrogenation performance due to a high density of active and selective ensembles.
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