Prevention and management of type 2 diabetes: dietary components and nutritional strategies.
Prevention and management of type 2 diabetes: dietary components and nutritional strategies.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60613-9
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发表时间：
2014-06-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hu FB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ley SH;Hamdy O;Mohan V;Hu FB
在过去的几十年里，来自前瞻性观察性研究和临床试验的证据已经汇聚到支持个人营养素，食物和饮食模式在预防和管理2型糖尿病中的重要性。食用的膳食脂肪和碳水化合物的质量比这些常量营养素的数量更重要。富含全谷物、水果、蔬菜、豆类、坚果的饮食，适量饮酒，减少精制谷物、红肉/加工肉类和含糖饮料的摄入，已被证明可以降低糖尿病风险，改善糖尿病患者的血糖控制和血脂。几种强调整体饮食质量的健康饮食模式可以适应适当的个人和文化食物偏好以及体重控制和糖尿病预防和管理的卡路里需求。虽然发达国家在制定和执行循证营养建议方面取得了相当大的进展，但仍需要全球协调一致的努力和政策来缓解区域差异。
In the past couple of decades, evidence from prospective observational studies and clinical trials has converged to support the importance of individual nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. The quality of dietary fats and carbohydrates consumed is more crucial than the quantity of these macronutrients. Diets rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, moderate in alcohol consumption, and lower in refined grains, red/processed meats, and sugar-sweetened beverages have demonstrated to reduce diabetes risk and improve glycemic control and blood lipids in patients with diabetes. Several healthful dietary patterns emphasizing the overall diet quality can be adapted to appropriate personal and cultural food preferences and calorie needs for weight control and diabetes prevention and management. Although considerable progress has been made in developing and implementing evidence-based nutrition recommendations in developed countries, concerted global efforts and policies are warranted to alleviate regional disparities.