Biodiversity and Insect Pests - Key Issues for Sustainable Management
Biodiversity and Insect Pests - Key Issues for Sustainable Management
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生物多样性和害虫 - 可持续管理的关键问题
DOI：
10.1002/9781118231838.ch16
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Khan Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Khan Z
对谷物生产最严重的非生物限制是土壤肥力差，这一点也已被农民所认识。这是由于固有的生育状况不佳，加上对土地的压力大和管理不善造成的。此外，由于土壤缓冲能力低以及小农无法投资土壤肥力管理，土壤正在迅速退化。这些土壤几乎无法维持可接受的玉米产量。氮(N)和磷(P)是主要的限制养分。缺乏适当的土壤管理也会对土壤有机质库产生负面影响，而土壤有机质库负责一系列对可持续作物生产至关重要的生产和环境服务功能。资源贫乏的农民使用无机肥料供应植物养分的情况有限（Jama et al., 1998）。虽然许多土壤肥力恢复技术，如谷物-豆科作物轮作、生物量转移、农家肥、树木-土壤施肥等
The most serious abiotic constraint to cereal production is poor soil fertility, which has also been identified by farmers. It results from poor inherent fertility status, together with high pressure on the land and poor management practices. Furthermore, soils are degrading rapidly due to their low buffering capacity and the inability of small-scale farmers to invest in soil fertility management. These soils are hardly able to sustain acceptable maize yields. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are the major limiting nutrients. Lack of adequate soil management also negatively affects the soil organic matter pool that is responsible for a series of production and environmental service functions essential for sustainable crop production. The use of inorganic fertilisers to supply plant nutrients by resource-poor farmers is limited (Jama et al., 1998). Although many soil fertility restoration technologies such as cereal–legume rotations, biomass transfers, farmyard manures, tree-