Analysis of cartilage differentiation from skeletal muscle grown on bone matrix. I. Ultrastructural aspects.
Analysis of cartilage differentiation from skeletal muscle grown on bone matrix. I. Ultrastructural aspects.
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骨基质上生长的骨骼肌的软骨分化分析。
DOI：
10.1016/0012-1606(80)90338-3
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发表时间：
1980
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Hay,ED
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nathanson,MA;Hay,ED
先前的研究已经证明，当在脱矿质骨基质上体外培养时，胚胎骨骼肌能够形成透明软骨（Nogami，H.，和Urist，M. R.（1970）. Exp. Cell Res.63，404 -410; Nathanson，M.一、等人（1978）.开发。Biol.64，99 -117）。本实验进行，以确定参加这种表型转化的形态学改变的性质，并调查在转化过程中的骨骼肌成肌细胞和成纤维细胞的超微结构特征。将19天的胚胎大鼠四肢肌肉切碎，并将组织碎片固定到骨基质或胶原凝胶上。切除和切碎的创伤导致合胞体肌管退化，单核细胞的核进入异染色质的“静止期”。在培养中，单核细胞的细胞核迅速恢复常染色质。未检测到成肌细胞或成纤维细胞死亡。在骨基质上，整个单核细胞群转化为成纤维细胞样细胞。成肌细胞是该群体的主要贡献者;它们在体外24小时从退化的肌管中分离出来，并开始获得内质网。成纤维细胞样形态在体外持续4天。体外培养6天，成纤维细胞样细胞获得软骨细胞的表型特征，10天，透明软骨块出现，而对照组的骨骼肌细胞在体外培养24小时后，异染色质细胞核扩大，但单核细胞仍保持成肌细胞和成纤维细胞的形态，4天后开始再生骨骼肌。没有软骨形成。结果表明，成肌细胞和成纤维细胞在脱矿骨上生长时具有软骨形成潜力。我们很容易得出这样的结论：胚胎间充质细胞产生骨骼肌、软骨和肢体的其他结缔组织，它们具有相似的发育潜力，并且局部影响，而不是单独的细胞谱系，解释了最终的分化模式。
Previous studies have demonstrated that embryonic skeletal muscle is competent to form hyaline cartilage when culturedin vitroon demineralized bone matrix (Nogami, H., and Urist, M. R. (1970).Exp. Cell Res.63,404–410; Nathanson, M. A.,et al.(1978).Develop. Biol.64,99–117). The present experiments were undertaken to determine the nature of the morphological alterations which attend this phenotypic transformation and to investigate the ultrastructural characteristics of the myoblasts and fibroblasts of skeletal muscle during the transformation. Nineteen-day embryonic rat limb muscles were minced and the tissue fragments explanted to bone matrix or collagen gels. The trauma of excision and mincing causes syncytial myotubes to degenerate and the nuclei of mononucleate cells to enter a heterochromatic “resting stage.” In culture, nuclei of mononucleate cells rapidly regain euchromasia. No myoblast or fibroblast cell death can be detected. On bone matrix, the entire mononucleate population transforms into fibroblast-like cells. Myoblasts are the major contributor to this population; they dissociate from the degenerate myotubes and begin to acquire endoplasmic reticulum by 24 hin vitro. The fibroblast-like morphology persists through 4 daysin vitro. By 6 daysin vitrosome of these fibroblast-like cells acquire the phenotypic characteristics of chondrocytes, and by 10 days masses of hyaline cartilage are found. In control explants of skeletal muscle onto collagen gels, the heterochromatic nuclei of the mononucleated cells expand after 24 hrin vitro, but the mononucleated cells remain as myoblasts and fibroblasts and begin to regenerate skeletal muscle by 4 daysin vitro. No cartilage forms. The results indicate that both myoblasts and fibroblasts have chondrogenic potential when grown on demineralized bone. It is tempting to conclude that the embryonic mesenchymal cells which give rise to skeletal muscle, cartilage, and other connective tissue of the limb have similar developmental potentials and that local influences, rather than separate cell lineages, account for the final pattern of differentiation.