Abundant respirable ergot alkaloids from the common airborne fungus Aspergillus fumigatus
Abundant respirable ergot alkaloids from the common airborne fungus Aspergillus fumigatus
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.71.6.3106-3111.2005
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Coyle, CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Panaccione, DG;Coyle, CM
麦角生物碱是与几种单胺受体相互作用的真菌毒素，对暴露的人类和动物的心血管、神经、生殖和免疫系统产生负面影响。烟曲霉是一种常见的空气传播真菌和人体条件致病菌，在肉汤培养基中能产生麦角生物碱。本研究的目的是确定烟曲霉是否在其分生孢子中或分生孢子上积累可吸入形式的麦角生物碱，以定量与在几种不同基质上产生的分生孢子相关的麦角生物碱，并测量分生孢子的相关物理性质。我们发现至少有四种麦角生物碱，烟麦角碱C，festuclavine，烟麦角碱A和烟麦角碱B（按丰度顺序），与A的分生孢子有关。烟熏。在环境条件下，麦角生物碱的总质量往往占分生孢子质量的1%以上。麦角生物碱提取分生孢子上产生的所有媒体测试，并观察到最大数量时，真菌培养在乳胶漆或培养玉米幼苗。可能影响其呼吸性的分生孢子物理性质的值（即，直径、质量和比重）显著低于构巢曲霉、尼日尔曲霉和纸棒曲霉。证明了与A.烟曲霉毒素为调查毒素对与该真菌有关的有害健康影响的潜在作用以及有助于该真菌成功的生物学方面提供了机会。
Ergot alkaloids are mycotoxins that interact with several monoamine receptors, negatively affecting cardiovascular, nervous, reproductive, and immune systems of exposed humans and animals. Aspergillus fumigatus, a common airborne fungus and opportunistic human pathogen, can produce ergot alkaloids in broth culture. The objectives of this study were to determine if A.fumigatus accumulates ergot alkaloids in a respirable form in or on its conidia, to quantify ergot alkaloids associated with conidia produced on several different substrates, and to measure relevant physical properties of the conidia. We found at least four ergot alkaloids, fumigaclavine C, festuclavine, fumigaclavine A, and fumigaclavine B (in order of abundance), associated with conidia of A. fumigatus. Under environmentally relevant conditions, the total mass of ergot alkaloids often constituted > 1% of the mass of the conidium. Ergot alkaloids were extracted from conidia produced on all media tested, and the greatest quantities were observed when the fungus was cultured on latex paint or cultured maize seedlings. The values for physical properties of conidia likely to affect their respirability (i.e., diameter, mass, and specific gravity) were significantly lower for A.fumigatus than for Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus niger, and Stachybotrys chartarum. The demonstration of relatively high concentrations of ergot alkaloids associated with conidia of A. fumigatus presents opportunities for investigations of potential contributions of the toxins to adverse health effects associated with the fungus and to aspects of the biology of the fungus that contribute to its success.