A Systematic Review of Tobacco Smoking Prevalence and Description of Tobacco Control Strategies in Sub-Saharan African Countries; 2007 to 2014.
A Systematic Review of Tobacco Smoking Prevalence and Description of Tobacco Control Strategies in Sub-Saharan African Countries; 2007 to 2014.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0132401
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Lock K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brathwaite R;Addo J;Smeeth L;Lock K
系统地审查2007年至2014年5月撒哈拉以南非洲成年人目前的吸烟率，并描述这些国家烟草控制战略的背景。使用系统检索策略检索了Medline、Embase、Africa-wide Information、Cinahl Plus和Global Health等5个数据库。没有语言限制。纳入的26项研究测量了撒哈拉以南非洲国家具有全国代表性的成年人口目前的吸烟率。研究细节使用标准的数据库独立提取。关于烟草控制政策、税收和价格趋势的数据来自世卫组织烟草控制框架公约网站的实施数据库。研究涉及13个国家。目前的吸烟率差异很大，从赞比亚的1.8%到塞拉利昂的25.8%。在马拉维，女性吸烟率始终低于男性，性别差异最大（男性25.9%，女性2.9%）。卢旺达的女性吸烟者比例最高（12.6%），加纳最低（0.2%）。农村和城市的模式不一致。大多数国家都采取了减少需求的措施，包括禁止广告和提高税率，但程度不同。撒哈拉以南非洲的吸烟率差异很大，即使在相似的国家区域之间也是如此，但男性的吸烟率总是较高。非洲东部和南部地区的国家吸烟率很高，主要是埃塞俄比亚、马拉维、卢旺达和赞比亚的男子以及卢旺达和赞比亚农村的妇女。在整个撒哈拉以南非洲采取有效行动减少吸烟，特别是针对风险增加的人群，仍然是一个紧迫的公共卫生优先事项。
To systematically review current smoking prevalence among adults in sub-Saharan Africa from 2007 to May 2014 and to describe the context of tobacco control strategies in these countries. Five databases, Medline, Embase, Africa-wide Information, Cinahl Plus, and Global Health were searched using a systematic search strategy. There were no language restrictions. 26 included studies measured current smoking prevalence in nationally representative adult populations in sub-Saharan African countries. Study details were independently extracted using a standard datasheet. Data on tobacco control policies, taxation and trends in prices were obtained from the Implementation Database of the WHO FCTC website. Studies represented 13 countries. Current smoking prevalence varied widely ranging from 1.8% in Zambia to 25.8% in Sierra Leone. The prevalence of smoking was consistently lower in women compared to men with the widest gender difference observed in Malawi (men 25.9%, women 2.9%). Rwanda had the highest prevalence of women smokers (12.6%) and Ghana had the lowest (0.2%). Rural, urban patterns were inconsistent. Most countries have implemented demand-reduction measures including bans on advertising, and taxation rates but to different extents. Smoking prevalence varied widely across sub-Saharan Africa, even between similar country regions, but was always higher in men. High smoking rates were observed among countries in the eastern and southern regions of Africa, mainly among men in Ethiopia, Malawi, Rwanda, and Zambia and women in Rwanda and rural Zambia. Effective action to reduce smoking across sub-Saharan Africa, particularly targeting population groups at increased risk remains a pressing public health priority.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Murphy GA;Asiki G;Ekoru K;Nsubuga RN;Nakiyingi-Miiro J;Young EH;Seeley J;Sandhu MS;Kamali A
通讯作者：
Kamali A
影响因子：
0.7
作者：
Baragou, S.;Djibril, M.;Balogou, A.
通讯作者：
Balogou, A.
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Alaba, Olufunke;Chola, Lumbwe
通讯作者：
Chola, Lumbwe
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
John, Rijo M.;Mamudu, Hadii M.;Liber, Alex C.
通讯作者：
Liber, Alex C.
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph6010200
发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
Addo, Juliet;Smeeth, Liam;Leon, David A.
通讯作者：
Leon, David A.