Characterization of Canadian Black Currant (Ribes nigrum L.) Seed Oils and Residues
Characterization of Canadian Black Currant (Ribes nigrum L.) Seed Oils and Residues
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DOI：
10.1021/jf902161k
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发表时间：
2009-12-23
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Kolodziejczyk, Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bakowska-Barczak, Anna M.;Schieber, Andreas;Kolodziejczyk, Paul
以黑加仑（Ribes nigrum L.）对生长在加拿大西部的栽培品种的油含量、脂肪酸和三酰甘油（TAG）组成、生育酚和植物甾醇的分布和含量进行评价。此外，多酚类化合物和抗氧化活性的种子提取物后剩余的油提取物进行了测定。黑加仑种子含油量为27 ~ 33%。γ-亚麻酸含量在品种间差异很大（从Ben Conan的11%到Ben Tirran的17%）。在鉴定的44种TAG中，LL α Ln、α LnL γ Ln和PL γ Ln（其中L =亚油酰基，α Ln = α-亚麻酰基，γ Ln = γ-亚麻酰基，P =棕榈酰基）是主要的TAG。黑加仑籽油是生育酚（平均1143 mg/100 g油）和植物甾醇（平均6453 mg/100 g油）的良好来源。槲皮素-3-葡萄糖苷和对香豆酸是种子残渣中的主要酚类成分。高浓度的黄酮醇和酚酸与种子残留物的高抗氧化活性相关（平均ABTS值为1.5 mM/100 g，DPPH值为1.2 mM/100 g）。从这项研究中获得的数据表明，加拿大黑加仑籽油是必需脂肪酸，生育酚和植物甾醇的良好来源。从种子残留物中提取酚类抗氧化剂甚至可以从水果加工的副产品中回收额外的有价值的成分。
The seeds from five black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) cultivars grown in western Canada were evaluated for their oil content, fatty acid and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition, and tocophercol and phytosterol profiles and contents. Moreover, polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in the seed extracts remaining after oil extraction were determined. Oil contents of black currant seeds ranged from 27 to 33%. The gamma-linolenic acid content varied significantly among the cultivars (from 11% for Ben Conan to 17% for Ben Tirran). Among the 44 TAGs identified, LL alpha Ln, alpha LnL gamma Ln, and PL gamma Ln (where L = linoleoyl, alpha Ln = alpha-linolenoyl, gamma Ln = gamma-linolenoyl, and P = palmitoyl) were the predominant ones. Black currant seed oil was a good source of tocopherols (1143 mg/100 g of oil on average) and phytosterols (6453 mg/100 g of oil on average). Quercetin-3-glucoside and p-coumaric acid were the main phenolic components in the seed residues. The high concentration of flavonols and phenolic acids was correlated with a high antioxidant activity of seed residue (average ABTS value of 1.5 mM/100 g and DPPH value of 1.2 mM/100 g). The data obtained from this study indicate that Canadian black currant seed oil is a good source of essential fatty acids, tocopherols, and phytosterols. Extraction of phenolic antioxidants from the seed residues even allows the recovery of additional valuable components from the byproduct of fruit processing.